B1

How much bigger a sample appears to be under the microscope than it is in real life

The ability of a microscope to distinguish fine details and differentiate between two very close objects

Magnification = Image Size ÷ Actual Size Actual Size = Image Size ÷ Magnification Image Size = Actual Size x Magnification

1000 micrometers in a millimeter

1000 nanometers in a micrometer

Nucleus, Cell membrane, Cytoplasm, Mitochondria and Ribosomes

Cell Wall, Chloroplasts, Permanent Vacuole

Directs all the cells activities; contains the cells DNA

regulates what enters and leaves the cell

Where chemical reactions take place

Powerhouse of the cell; Where respiration occurs

Where protein are synthesised

Site of photosynthesis; contains Chlorophyll - a green pigment

Protects, strengthens and supports the cell

Filled with cell sap which helps keep the cell turgid

Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes

Bacterial cells; Cells without a nucleus

Cells with a nucleus and organelles

The process by which a cell changes to become specialised for its job

To absorb water and mineral ions for the plant via osmosis

• Large surface area for water to move up the cell • Have lots of mitochondria which release energy from glucose needed for active transport of mineral ions into the cell • Have a large permanent vacuole that speeds up the movement of water by osmosis

Contains genetic information in the nucleus; needed for fertilisation to occur

• It has a long tail and a streamlined head to help it swim to the egg • There are lots of mitochondria in the cell to provide the energy needed. • It also carries enzymes in its head to digest through the egg cell membrane.

To carry electrical impulses around the body