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Man is made up of what % of water?
60%
The blood vessel capillary wall is permeable to everything except
Plasma proteins
Muscle contains __% water and fat contains __% water
70 10
Muscular males
Fat females
Dilution principle formula:
mass = volume x concentration only plasma can be sampled
A rise in potassium concentration in the ECF can result in what cardiac condition?
Ventricular fibrillation (quivering of the heart)
What property of fatty acids make them flexible?
Fatty acids
Integral proteins are/ are not amphipathic
Are amphipathic (unlike peripheral proteins)
Transporter proteins: Carrier proteins
Open to ECF, and then ICF. Typically moves larger molecules than channels e.g. glucose
Urea:
Penetrating particle
Ions:
Non-penetrating particles
Most sensitive organ to changes in tonicity?
Brain
Example of where positive feedback is seen:
Action potential
Plama is which component of blood?
Fluid component
Evans blue dye:
Attaches to plasma protein and helps to estimate the proportion of body water in the blood plasma
Mitochondria characteristics:
• Their own circular DNA • Ribosomes (and so can synthesise most of their proteins) • Self-replicate
Cilia and flagella:
Cilia: Short, many present and move with stiff power stroke and flexible recovery stroke Flagella: Long, usually only one or two present , movement is snake like
Enteric nervous system:
System of neurons that governs the function of the gastrointestinal tract.
White ramus:
Pre-ganglionic and myelinated
Grey ramus:
Post-ganglionic and unmyelinated
In the sympathetic nervous system, convergence and divergence lead to
Mass activation
Muscarinic receptors:
• Parasympathetic - They are metabotropic. They are g-protein coupled receptors
Initial segment (axon hillock):
Triggers action potential
Apart from producing the blood brain barrier, what else to astrocytes do?
Maintain the external environment for neurones