Unit 3 Review Lessons 7.4 & 7.6

The scientific study of the geographic distribution of organisms based on both living species and fossils. Ex Darwin and his finches

Same structure, different function features Ex bat wing and human arm

Same function, different structure features Ex Bat wing and Bird wing

Homologous It demonstrates how species can have common structures which have evolved for different purposes

Analogous It demonstrates how species have evolved separately but have similar uses for their structures

An organ that was once useful during a previous stage of evolution, but overtime was no longer needed but continued to remain in the body. Ex.tailbone, Wisdom Teeth

fossils of past species provide evidence that complex organisms descended from more simplistic organisms over time.

Earth is approx 4.5 billion years old and the universe is approx 13 billion years old

Atoms that undergo radioactive decay.

The time required for half of the radioactive material to undergo decay

Determining the age of organic materials.

5370 years

Genes, inherited from a common ancestor, mutate and evolve over time The similarity between homologous genes provides good evidence for the relations between species

A vestigial gene that no longer codes for a functioning protein. Ex. Dolphins have a sense of smell in the air even though it is unnecessary

the scientific theory that describes the large scale movements and features of the Earth’s crust