3.2 Transport in Animals
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (24)
open system
blood not contained within tubes
closed system
blood fully enclosed in tubes
what organisms have an open system
insects
what organisms have a closed system
mammals, fish
blood pressure in an open system
low pressure as it is not contained in vessels
blood pressure in a closed system
high pressure as it is contained in vessels
contact with organs in an open system
heamolymph bathes the organs directly
contact with organs in a closed system
blood contained in vessels so never has direct contact with organs
respiratory pigment in open system
no respiratory pigment required as oxygen reaches the exchange surface through a tracheal system
respiratory pigment in a closed system
oxygen diffuses into blood and is carried around the boy in blood bound to haemoglobin
transport to organs in open system
oxygen transported directly to tissues
transport to organs in closed system
oxygen is transported from the lungs to the heart then towards capillaries in body tissues
heart in an insect
dorsal tube shaped heart that runs the length of the body
heart in an earthworm
5 pseudohearts
heart in a fish
1 atrium, 1 ventricle 2 chambers
hear in a mammal
2 atrium, 2 ventricle 4 chambers
in double circulation systems what two circuits are there
pulmonary circuit systemic circuit
pulmonary circuit
all of the blood vessels involved in transporting all the blood from the heart to the lungs
systemic circuit
all of the blood vessels involved in transporting blood from the heart to the rest of the body (excluding the lungs)
what kind of circulation do fish have
single circulation
what kind go circulation do mammals have
double circulation
what are 4 advantages of double circulation
• maintains high blood pressure in the systemic body circulation • allows for lower pressure in the pulmonary lung circulation • rapid circulation in the systemic circuit • oxygenated and deoxygenated blood kept separate
what is the advantage of maintaining a high blood pressure in systemic circulation, in double circulation
increased pressure means an increased rate of flow to tissues which increases the oxygen supply to tissues
what is the advantage of a lower pressure in the pulmonary circuit, in double circulation
reduces build up of tissue fluid in the lungs which would reduce the efficiency of gas exchange