Digestive System
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Where does digestion begin?
In the mouth
What happens in the mouth?
Teeth break food down and saliva starts digestion
What does the oesophagus do?
Moves food from the mouth to the stomach
What does the stomach do?
Mixes food with acid, digests protein, and kills microorganisms
What does the small intestine do?
Completes digestion and absorbs nutrients into the blood
What does the large intestine do?
Absorbs water and forms faeces
What does the rectum do?
Stores faeces
What does the anus do?
Releases waste from the body
What do salivary glands do?
Produce saliva
What does the liver do?
Produces bile
What does the gall bladder do?
Stores bile
What does the pancreas do?
Produces digestive enzymes
What are enzymes?
Substances that speed up digestion
What is dietary fibre?
Parts of plants that cannot be digested and help eliminate waste
What are carbohydrates used for?
Main source of energy
What are proteins used for?
Growth and repair
What are lipids used for?
Energy storage
What test is used for starch?
Iodine test
Starch positive result?
Orange to blue-black
What test is used for sugar?
Benedict’s solution and heat
Sugar positive result?
Blue to green/yellow/orange/red
What test is used for protein?
Biuret test
Protein positive result?
Blue to lilac
What test is used for lipids?
Ethanol emulsion test