Module 6: Carbonyls, Carbocylic Acid, Acyl And Esters

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

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Front (Question)

Carbonyls What are carbonyl compounds

Back (Answer)

Aldehydes and ketones

Front (Question)

Carbonyls What is the carbonyl functional group

Back (Answer)

C=O

Front (Question)

Carbonyls Where is the carbonyl group in aldehydes

Back (Answer)

At end of chain

Front (Question)

Carbonyls What is aldehydes suffix

Back (Answer)

-al

Front (Question)

Carbonyls Where is the carbonyl group in ketones

Back (Answer)

In middle of group

Front (Question)

Carbonyls What is the suffix for ketones

Back (Answer)

-one

Front (Question)

Carbonyls How are carbonyls made

Back (Answer)

Oxidising alcohols

Front (Question)

Carbonyls What is used to oxidise alcohol s

Back (Answer)

Oxidising agent acidified potassium dichromate H+/K2Cr2O7

Front (Question)

Carbonyls How do you form an aldehyde

Back (Answer)

Partially Oxidise a primary alcohol in distillation

#10

Front (Question)

Carbonyls How do you form a ketone

Back (Answer)

Fully oxidise a secondary alcohol in reflux

#11

Front (Question)

Testing for carbonyl compounds What is used to test

Back (Answer)

2,4-DNP

#12

Front (Question)

Testing for carbonyl compounds What does 2,4-DNP detect

Back (Answer)

Prescience of carbonyl functional group in aldehydes and ketones

#13

Front (Question)

Testing for carbonyl compounds What is observed when 2,4-DNP in presence of carbonyl

Back (Answer)

Yellow-orange precipitate is formed

#14

Front (Question)

Testing for carbonyl compounds How is 2.4-DNP used in practical

Back (Answer)

Dissolved in methanol and sulfuric acid as asa a solid is very hazardous and explosive

#15

Front (Question)

Testing for carbonyl compounds What is 2,4-DNP

Back (Answer)

2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine

#16

Front (Question)

Testing for carbonyl compounds Practical method for testing carbonyls

Back (Answer)

• Add 5cm 2,4-DNP solution to clean test tube this is in excess • Use pippete add 3 drops of unknown compound and leave to stand • Is no yellow crystals form add few drops of sulfuric acid • A yellow orange precipitate indicates presence of group

#17

Front (Question)

Testing for carbonyl compounds can 2,4-DNP test for carboxylic acid

Back (Answer)

#18

Front (Question)

Testing for carbonyl compounds How can you identify compounds using 2,4-DNP

Back (Answer)

Orange precipitate is a derivative of carbonyl compounds each different produces a crystalline precipitate with a different melting point so can measure melting point and compare to known

#19

Front (Question)

Testing for carbonyl compounds How can you distinguish between aldehyde and ketone

Back (Answer)

Using tollens reagent

#20

Front (Question)

Testing for carbonyl compounds What does the tollens reagent use to distinguish

Back (Answer)

Fact that an aldehyde can be easily oxidised to a carboxylic acid and a ketone cannot

#21

Front (Question)

Testing for carbonyl compounds What is tollens reagent

Back (Answer)

Clear solution of silver nitrate in aqueous ammonia

#22

Front (Question)

Testing for carbonyl compounds What happens to tollens reagent in prescience of aldehyde

Back (Answer)

Silver mirror is formed

#23

Front (Question)

Testing for carbonyl compounds Practicals for tollens reagent

Back (Answer)

• In clean test tube add 3cm^3 aqueous silver nitrate • Add aqueous silver hydroxide to test tube until a brown precipitate of silver oxide is formed, Ag2O • Add dilute ammonia solution until brown precipitate just dissolves to form a clear colourless solution this is tollens • Pour 2 cm depth of unknown solutions to clean test tube • Add equal volume of tollen • Leave test tube to stand in beaker of warm water about 50’C for 10-15 mins then observe if silver mirror formed

#24

Front (Question)

Testing for carbonyl compounds Ionic equation for use of tollens

Back (Answer)

Ag(NH3)2+ (aq) + e- —> Ag(s) + 2NH3 (aq)