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Muscle Spindle & GTO Neurophysiology & Application - E1

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

#1
Front (Question)

What do muscle spindles sense?

Back (Answer)

Change in muscle length

#2
Front (Question)

What do GTOs sense?

Back (Answer)

Change in muscle tension/force

#3
Front (Question)

MM spindles run __ to true mm fibers (extrafusile)

Back (Answer)

Parallel

#4
Front (Question)

GTO run ___ to true mm fibers (extrafusile)

Back (Answer)

In series

#5
Front (Question)

What are mm spindles and GTOs primary function?

Back (Answer)

Proprioception

#6
Front (Question)

Where is the GTO?

Back (Answer)

At the musculotendinous junction b/t the tendon and muscle

#7
Front (Question)

List the two types of mm spindle fibers

Back (Answer)

Nuclear bag Nuclear chain

#8
Front (Question)

What is a nuclear bag?

Back (Answer)

Either static or dynamic, a type of mm spindle fiber with a large diameter, with clustered, central nuclei

#9
Front (Question)

What is a nuclear chain?

Back (Answer)

A type of mm spindle fiber with a small diameter and nuclei spread out

#10
Front (Question)

T or F : mm spindles can contract

Back (Answer)

True - note striations at the end of mm spindle fibers

#11
Front (Question)

What is the primary receptor type of … Ia phasics Ia tonics

Back (Answer)

a&b) annulospiral receptors

#12
Front (Question)

What do a/b/c arise from? a) Ia phasics b) Ia tonics c) Ib afferents

Back (Answer)

a) Dynamic nuclear bag cnetral area b) Nuclear chain area c) In GTO

#13
Front (Question)

What does (a/b/c) sense? a) Ia phasics b) Ia tonics c) Ib afferents

Back (Answer)

a) Rate of mm lengthening (velocity) and mm length changes b) Just mm length changes c) Tension/force changes (passive/active elongation)

#14
Front (Question)

Ia phasics [facilitate/inhibit] the agonist via ___

Back (Answer)

Ia phasics FACILITATE the agonist via the alpha motor neuron (monosynaptic reflex arc)

#15
Front (Question)

Ia tonics [facilitate/inhibit] the agonist via ___

Back (Answer)

Ia tonics Facilitate the agonist via the alpha motor neuron (monosynaptic reflex arc)

#16
Front (Question)

Ia phasics [facilitate/inhibit] the antagonist via ___

Back (Answer)

Ia phasics INHIBIT the antagonist through the interneuron (diasynaptic reflex arc)

#17
Front (Question)

Ia tonics [facilitate/inhibit] the antagonist via ___

Back (Answer)

Ia tonics INHIBIT the antagonist through the interneuron (diasynaptic reflex arc)

#18
Front (Question)

What do the ascending fibers of Ia tonics, Ia phasics, and II afferents form?

Back (Answer)

The P/DCML

#19
Front (Question)

What does the quick stretch reflex stimulate?

Back (Answer)

The Ia tonic and Ia phasics

#20
Front (Question)

Give an example of reciprocal inhibition in an individual with a C7 SCI

Back (Answer)

Elicit contraction of triceps to facilitate (+) the triceps and inhibit the antagonist - biceps

#21
Front (Question)

Ib afferents [facilitate/inhibit] the agonist via ___

Back (Answer)

Ib afferent inhibit the agonist via an IN to alpha motor neuron (diasynaptic)

#22
Front (Question)

Ib afferents [facilitate/inhibit] the antagonist via ___

Back (Answer)

Ib afferent facilitate the antagonist via the alpha motor neuron (monosynaptic)

#23
Front (Question)

What is the basic mechanism to stimulate the GTO

Back (Answer)

cross fiber massage

#24
Front (Question)

How many mm fibers is a GTO connected to?

Back (Answer)

15-20 mm fibers