Topic 16 - KINETICS II
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Rate ∝ [A]^n What does ‘n’ symbolise?
The order of the reaction with respect to the reactant
What is the order of the reaction?
The power to which the concentration of the reactant is raised in the rate equation
How to find the overall order of a reaction?
Find the sum of the powers of the concentration terms in the rate equations
How can rate be measured?
• Volume of gas produced/time • Mass of a reaction/time • Measure colour change using a colorimeter
What does a colorimeter do?
Measures the amount of light of a specific wavelength that passes through a solution
What is the half life of a reactant?
The time taken for the concentration of a reactant to halve
What must happen for particles to react?
• Must collide with sufficient energy • and in the correct orientation
What is the rate determining step?
The slowest step in a reaction that determines the overall rate equation
What is the evidence in kinetics that shows that primary halogenoalkanes undergo SN2?
Hydrolysis of a primary halogenoalkane is second order overall
What is the evidence in kinetics that shows that tertiary halogenoalkanes undergo SN1?
Hydrolysis of a tertiary halogenoalkane is first order overall
What does the Arrhenius equation show, and what is it?
Shows the link between rate constant, activation energy and temperature k = Ae^(-Ea/RT) or ln k = ln A - Ea/RT Where: k = rate constant A = Arrhenius constant Ea = Activation energy R = gas constant (8.31) T = temperature