11.5 Introduction to Reaction Mechanisms
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What are the 2 types of bond fission?
HOMOLYTIC HETEROLYTIC
What is heterolytic fission?
Bond fission in which 1 covalently bonded atom takes BOTH ELECTRONS in the shared pair. Forms cation + anion
What is homolytic fission?
Bond fission in which each covalently bonded atom gains ONE ELECTRON EACH. forms RADICALS
What are reaction mechanisms?
sequence of BOND BREAKING + FORMING showing movement of ELECTRONS during a reaction.
What are the 2 different types of arrows found in reaction mechanisms?
CURLY FISHHOOK
What do curly arrows represent? ↷
movement of PAIR OF ELECTRONS. used in heterolytic fission.
What do fishhook arrows represent?
movement of SINGLE UNPAIRED ELECTRON. used in homolytic fission.
What are the different types of general reactions?
ADDITION SUBSTITUTION ELIMINATION
What is an ADDITION reaction?
molecule/atom + UNSATURATED molecule ⟶ saturated molecule molecule/atom is added to UNSATURATED molecule, forming a saturated molecule.
What is a SUBSTITUTION reaction?
atom/group of atoms REPLACED by atom/group of atoms.
What is an ELIMINATION reaction?
atom/group of atoms REMOVED from saturated molecule forming an unsaturated molecule.