Earth Science mid term part 1

Energy moves as waves (ex: sun hitting face)

Heat moves by fluids, warm stuff rises, cool stuff sinks which creates currents (ex: boiling water).

Sunlight hits earth, earth absorbs it, earth releases heat as infrared energy. (how earth cools itself).

Earth has 24 times zones, every 15 degree of longitude = 1 hour, travel east add an hour, travel west subtract an hour.

Earth spinning on its axis, causes day & night, 15 degrees per hour, proven by Foucault pendulum and Corlois effect.

Earth orbiting the sun, takes 1 year, evidence is us seeing different constellations in different seasons.

Seasons happen due to earths 23.5 tilt, this tilt changes sun angle & day light length, if the earth was tilted less seasons would be less extreme.

Summer= higher sun path, longer days Winter = lower sun path, shorter days Spring& fall= 12 hrs of daylight, 12 hrs of darkness (rises east, sets west).

The sun never goes above the Tropic of Cancer or below the Tropic of Capricorn, so on summer solstice its at the tropic of cancer. And at tropic of Capricorn on dec 21st.

Moon formed from Earth material after a Collison, it has no atmosphere that why craters are formed.

Rotation= 27.3 days Revolution= 27.3 days (We see the same side of the moon because the rotation is equal to the revolution). Full lunar cycle= 29.5 days

Phases happen because the moon orbits Earth. Waxing= growing( after new moon) Waning = shrinking (after full moon)

Only occurs on a new moon, moon’s shadow hits earth.

Only occurs on full moon, moon enters earth shadow,

Moon’s orbit is tilted 5 degrees, and to have a eclipse the 3 must be lined up but it usually goes above or below earths shadow.

Cause by gravity from moon & sun, moon has stronger affect, 2 high tides and 2 low tides per day 12 hours between high tides.

Highest tides, Sun-moon-earth aligned, happens on full and new moons.

Lower tides, happens on first and third quarter moons.