IB Biology: Level 11 - Carbohydrates 2.3

branched polymer of glucose found in plants as one of the two components of starch (the other being amylose).

a polysaccharide found in plants as one of the two components of starch. Unbranched, forms a helix

a polysaccharide with the formula (C6H10O5)n, consisting of a linear chain of between several hundred to over ten thousand units. Unable to be digested by humans

formation of larger molecules involving the removal of water from smaller component molecules.

a sugar (carbohydrate) composed of two monosaccharides joined by condensation.

a highly branched polymer of glucose that is mainly produced in liver and muscle cells, and functions as secondary long-term energy storage in animal cells.

a disaccharide sugar that is commonly found in milk and consists of galactose and glucose.

a disaccharide formed when two glucose monomers join together.

consist of a single component of a macromolecule.

the simplest form of carbohydrate (for example fructose, glucose, and ribose) that constitutes the building blocks of a more complex form of sugars.

a compound made up of several repeating units (monomers).

a complex carbohydrate composed of a chain of monosaccharides joined together by glycosidic bonds.

a polysaccharide (C6H10O5)n found in plants that consists of a large number of glucose monosaccharides. Can be amylose or amylopectin

a disaccharide composed of the monosaccharides glucose and fructose.

Monosaccharide commonly found in milk products. Forms part of lactose.

Pentose monosaccharide commonly found in fruits and honey

Type of bond created during the joining of monosaccharides

Sugars (carbs) are water soluble as monomers and dimers, easy to transport in body

Lipids are not soluble in water - difficult to transport in body

Lipids

Carbohydrates

Carbs (Glycogen)

Lipids (triglycerides)