AMINO ACIDS
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what is a peptide bond
is a bond formed when an amino group of one amino acid links with the carboxyl group of another
what name is given to the side chain
R
what is an alpha carbon
is the carbon that joins the amino group(-NH2) and the carboxyl group (-COOH)
outline the classes/classifications of amino acids
• Neutral amino acids • Acidic amino acids • Basic amino acids
mention the 4 subcategories of neutral amino acids
• Aliphatic amino acids • Aromatic amino acids • Heterocyclic amino acid • Sulphur containing amino acid
what is the difference between aliphatic amino acids and aromatic amino acids?
Aliphatic amino acids have non-polar and hydrophobic R-group (does not mix well with water) while aromatic amino acids have a benzene ring in their side chain
mention any 4 examples of aliphatic amino acids
• glycine • alanine • valine • leucine • serine • isoleucine
mention 2 examples of aromatic amino acids
• phenylalanine • tyrosine
what are heterocyclic amino acids
they contain a cyclic R-group
mentiowhat are the examples of heterocyclic amino acids
1.histidine 2.tryptophan
what are imino acids
contains the NH2 and COOH groups attached to the alpha carbon and the NH2 is part of the R group
what are the examples of s containing amino acids
• cysteine • methionine
what are acidic amino acids
these amino acids contains two -COOH groups and one -NH2 group/ also known as monoaminodicarboxylic acids
what are the examples of acidic amino acids
• Aspartic acid • Glutamic acid
what are basic amino acids
are AA that contains -COOH group and two -NH2 groups. thus they are called diamino monocarboxylic acids
what are exaples of basic amino acids
• Arginine • Lysine • Hydroxylysine
Mention 3 nutritional classification of Amino acids
• Essential amino acids • Non essential amino acids • Semi essential amino acids
What are semi-essential amino acids
these are growth promoting factors since they are not synthesised in sufficient quantity during growth
what are examples of semi essential amino acids
• arginine • histidine
what are essential amino acids
are the ones that can not be synthesized by the body, the diet is the source
what are the examples of essential amino acids
• leucine • arginine • lysine • methionine
what are non-essential amino acids
are the ones that can be synthesized by the body
mentions any 5 sources of amino acids
• soy protein • pork • eggs
explain the functions of amino acids
• some amino acids areare converted to carbohydrates and are called glucogenic amino acid • specific amino acids give rise to specialized products