C1 Atomic structure and the periodic table
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Give the state and colour of each of the halogens at room temperature.
Chlorine = Green gas Bromine = Orange liquid Iodine = Grey solid (Iodine forms a purple vapour when it is warmed)
What special something do Group 0/ Noble gases have about their outer shell of electrons?
The outer shell of Group 0 is full which makes it both unreactive and very stable.
What is distillation used for ? A evaporating the liquid from a mixture to collect the solid. B the separation of a liquid from a mixture using evaporation then condensation. C the separation of solutes for analysis. D the removal of salt from water
Distillation is used for :B the separation of a liquid from a mixture using evaporation then condensation
Explain what we mean by subatomic particles
protons, neutrons and electrons
Why does chlorine push bromine out of potassium bromide?
In a displacement reaction, a less reactive element is displaced by a more reactive element.
Explain what we mean by filtration
Filtration is a method for separating an insoluble solid from a liquid.
Explain what we mean by a mixture.
Mixtures can easily be be separated using their physical properties (such as size, boiling point or solubility)
Explain what we mean by an electron
Electrons are negatively charged tiny particles which are contained in shells around the nucleus.
Explain what we mean by electron configuration
This means the number of electrons in each shell. Helium would be 2, Lithium 2,,1 and Argon 2,8,8.
Explain what we mean by chemical formulae
The chemical formula of a compound tells you how many atoms of each element the molecule contains. e.g CuSO4
John Dalton was the first person to start sorting elements into a periodic table. How did he sort them?
John Dalton sorted the elements in his periodic table by increasing atomic mass.
What was the pattern that John Newlands noticed in the elements within Dalton’s periodic table?
John Newlands noticed that the eighth elements in Dalton’s periodic table had similar properties.
Who discovered that electrons orbit the nucleus in shells?
Neils Bohr discovered that electrons orbit the nucleus in shells.
Explain what we mean by chromatography
Paper chromatography is a method for separating dissolved substances from one another. It works because some of the coloured substances dissolve in the solvent used better than others, so they travel further.
How many electrons do Group 1 have in their outer shell?
Group 1 elements all have in 1 electron in their outer shell
Why does fractional distillation work?
Fractional distillation works because the liquids in the mixture have different boiling points.
What is chromatography used for? A to separate a solid from a liquid. B to separate out dissolved solids. C to separate a liquid from a solution. D to separate a mixture of liquids
Answer D: Chromatography is used to separate a mixture of liquids
What group is Cl in?
Cl is in Group 7
How many neutrons are there in 184W74
There are 110 neutrons in 184W74
How does paper chromatography work?
Paper chromatography works because some of the coloured substances dissolve in the solvent better than others, so they travel further up the paper.
Explain what we mean by an element.
An element is a substance that is made of only one sort of atom. They are listed in the periodic table.
Why are alkali metals stored in oil?
Alkali metals are stored in oil to prevent them reacting with air.
Explain the difference between a compound and a mixture.
A mixture can easily be separated. Compounds contain elements which have reacted chemically and are firmly attached to each other..
What are elements in group 7 called?
Elements in group 7 are called halogens