C2-Periodic table
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What does the group number tell you? What does the period number tell you?
Group- how many electrons are in the outer shell Period- how many shells contain electrons
The order of scientists when discovering the periodic table?
Dalton—-> Newlands—-> Mendeleev
Dalton’s idea of the periodic table
-Arranged elements in order of atomic weight
Newlands’ idea of the periodic table
-Arranged elements in order of atomic weight -Law of octaves where every eight element was similar
Mendeleev’s idea of the periodic table
-Arranged elements based on their properties -Left gaps for undiscovered elements -His predictions were true so his model was accepted
Group 1 name? Group 7 name? Group 0 name?
1- Alkali metals 7- Halogens 0- Noble gases
Key fact of noble gases? Metals and non-metals, gain or lose electrons?
They are unreactive Metals lose electrons Non-metals gain electrons
Transition and G1 elements Metallic properties? Hardness?
Both- Shiny, malleable, ductile, electrical and thermal conductors TE-hard(except mercury) G1-soft, easy to cut
Transition and G1 elements Melting & boiling point? Float in water?
TE-very high G1-low TE-Sink G1-Li, Na, K all float
Transition and G1 elements React with water? React with oxygen? React with group 7?
TE- No G1- Rapidly TE- No, needs heat G1- Tarnish quickly TE- When heated G1- Rapidly
Transition and G1 elements Ions formed and colour? Uses?
TE- Varied, varied G1- 1+, white TE- Catalysts G1- Varies
Group 1 reactions with water?
All- fizz, floats, moves Lithium- eventually disappears Sodium- forms sphere, disappears Potassium- self ignites, lilac flame
Reactivity Going down Group 1? Going down Group 7?
Group 1- reactivity increases Group 7- reactivity decreases
2 Halogens properties
Low melting and boiling points Poor heat and electrical conductors
What is the structure and bonding of halogens?
Exist as diatomic molecules, covalent bonds between the two atoms and weak inter molecular forces
Explain the trend in reactivity in group 1
-Going down the group, reactivity increases -More electron shells, increase shielding effect -Decreased attraction between nucleus and outer shell electrons -Easier to lose electron from outer shell
Explain the trend in reactivity in group 7
-Going down the group, reactivity decreases -More electron shells, increase shielding effect -Decreased attraction between nucleus and outer shell electrons -Harder to gain electron to outer shell
What happens when group 1 metals react with oxygen
Dull surface becomes tarnished