3 - Life Processes In The Biosphere (ecology)
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Taxonomy
The grouping of organisms according to similarities in their features . Typical displayed as hierarchy
Speceis
A group of organisms that resemble one another more closely than members of other groups and form a reproductively isolated group that produce fertile ofspring
Population
All the individuals of a species living in a particular area
Community of species
The population of all the species living in a particular area
Ecosystem
The community of species, their inter relationships and interactions with their abiotic/biotic characteristics
Habitat
The place where a particular speceis of community of speceis lives
Ecological niche
The part of a habitat which is inhibited by speceis and the role which it plays within the ecosystem. No two speceis can share ther same niche
Biome
A large geographical region in which a characteristic, unique community of speceis lives
Biosphere
The parts of the planet inhibited by living organisms, including land, soil, water and atmosphere
What the difference between an Ecosystem and biome?
Ecosystems are isolated in specific areas - whereas Biomes include all areas covered by the same community of species
What climatic factors control the distribution of biomes?
Temp Light levels Water availability Seasonal fluctuations
What are biomes usually named after?
The most obvious organism, often the dominant vegitation
What is the only ‘real’ taxon and why?
Species, (not a man made taxon ie, order, genus) - it refers to organisms that naturally breed with each other to produce fertile ofspring
What is meany by reproductive isolation?
When populations do not interbreed due to behavioural or geographical barriers
What causes the lake to gradually fill in during a hydrsere?
Accumulation of dead organic matter and sediments from the surrounding area
Name 2 changes in biotic conditions during succession?
Pollination changes from wind to insect Seed dispersal shifts from wind to animal
What is the name of the ecological succession that starts in water?
Hydrosere
What happens to pioneer species as succession progresses?
They are out competed and may die out
What is the difference between primary and secondary succession?
Secondary succession starts in an area where soil and seed already exits, happens more quickly
Which organisms are typically the first colonisers in a lithosere
Lichens
Why is it difficult for plants to colonise a psammosere environment initially?
Poor nutrient availability, rapid drainage, moving sand
Which plants first colonise the edge of a newly formed freshwater area?
Reeds, Lillie’s
How do abiotic conditions generally change during succession?
They become less extreme
What is the name given to ecological succession that begins on bare rock?
Lithosere