Polymers
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What is addition polymerisation?
A reaction where alkenes form polymers by opening their C=C double bond and forming single bonds to two other carbon atoms
What happens to the double bond in addition polymerisation?
The C=C double bond breaks and each carbon forms two new single bonds to the neighbouring monomer units
What is condensation polymerisation? (plymr. frmd. wen mnmrs. jn. tghtr. + sml. mlcle. elmntd.)
A polymer formed when monomers join together and a small molecule is eliminated
Polymerise this molecule 1,1,2-tribromoethene
What monomers form polyesters?
Dicarboxylic acids react with diols
What is produced when a dicarboxylic acid reacts with a diol?
A polyester and water
What functional group links monomers in polyesters?
An ester link: -COO-
What defines a polyester?
A polymer that contains ester links in the polymer chain
What does the repeat unit of a two - monomer polyester contain?
Two oxygen atoms, two carbonyl groups and the atoms between the oxygens and the carbonyl groups
What does the repeat unit of a single - monomer polyester contain?
One oxygen atom. one carbonyl group and the atoms between them
What reaction forms an amide?
A.carboxylic acid reacts with an amine, producing water and an amide
What monomers form polyamides?
Diamines react with dicarboxylic acids
What is produced when diamines react with dicarboxylic acids?
A polyamide and water
What functional group links monomers in polyamides?
Amide link: -CONH-
What defines a polyamide?
A polymer that contains amide links (-CONH-)
What does the repeated unit of a two monomer polyamide contain?
Two carbonyl groups and two NH groups
What monomers form single - monomer polyamides?
Monomers that contain one NH group and one carbonyl group
What does the repeat unit of a single monomer polyamide contain?
One carbonyl group, one NH group and the atoms between them
How do you identify the monomers of a two monomer polyester?
• Identify the ester link (–COO–) • Break the ester bond • Add H to the oxygen atom • Add OH to the carbonyl carbon
How do you identify the monomers of a two-monomer polyamide?
• Identify the amide link (–CONH–) • Break the amide bond • Add OH to each carbonyl group • Add H to each NH group
How do you identify the monomer of a single-monomer polyamide?
• Remove brackets and the n • Add OH to the carbonyl group • Add H to the nitrogen atom
How do you identify the monomer of a single-monomer polyester
• Remove brackets and the n • Add OH to the carbonyl group • Add OH to the oxygen atom