Definitions

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

the total number or protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

the mass of an atom of a particular isotope of an element, relative to 1/12th the mass of a carbon-12 atom

the average mass of an atom of an element, relative to 1/12th the mass of a carbon-12 atom

a region of 3D in which there is a probability of finding an electron

energy required to remove one electron from each atom, in a mole of gaseous atoms

energy required to remove one electron from each 1+ ion, in a mole of gaseous 1+ ions

trends in the properties of elements repeat in successive periods of the periodic table

the ability of an atom of an element to attract a pair of bonding electrons

loss of electrons and increase in oxidation number

gain of electrons and decrease in oxidation number

causes oxidation by taking away electrons

causes reduction by giving electrons

ΔH for a reaction is independent of the route taken

enthalpy change when one mole of a substance is formed from its elements in their standard states at 298K and 100kPa

enthalpy change when one mole of a substance is completely oxidised in excess oxygen at standard conditions 298K and 100kPa

when it requires heat energy and we cant measure temp change

the amount of any substance which occupies a volume of 24dm3 at room temp and pressure

the number of things in a mole

the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in all directions

negative ions

positive ions

the electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and the nuclei of the bonded atoms

is a covalent bond where only one of the bonded atoms donated both electrons being shared