Serum Proteins and Methods

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

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Front (Question)

Where are most plasma proteins synthesized?

Back (Answer)

Liver hepatocyte.

Front (Question)

Where are immunoglobulins synthesized?

Back (Answer)

Plasma Cells.

Front (Question)

Where is hemoglobin synthesized?

Back (Answer)

Nucleated RBC’s.

Front (Question)

Where is Von Willebrand’s Factor synthesized?

Back (Answer)

Epithelial and megakaryocytes.

Front (Question)

What is the mathematical equation to determine total protein?

Back (Answer)

Total protein = Albumin + Globulins

Front (Question)

What is the A/G Ratio?

Back (Answer)

The ratio between albumin and globulin.

Front (Question)

How would you go about calculating the A/G Ratio?

Back (Answer)

Total Protein - Albumin = Calculated Globulin Level Albumin/Globulin = A/G Ratio

Front (Question)

What is the reference interval for total protein?

Back (Answer)

6.5 - 8.3 g/dL

Front (Question)

What is the reference interval for transthyretin (prealbumin)?

Back (Answer)

0.1 - 0.4 g/dL

#10

Front (Question)

What is the reference interval for albumin?

Back (Answer)

3.5 - 5.0 g/dL

#11

Front (Question)

What is the reference interval for alpha-1-globulins?

Back (Answer)

0.1 - 04 g/dL

#12

Front (Question)

What is the reference interval for alpha-2-globulins?

Back (Answer)

0.3 - 0.8 g/dL

#13

Front (Question)

What is the reference interval for beta-globulins?

Back (Answer)

0.6 - 1.1 g/dL

#14

Front (Question)

What is the reference interval for gamma-globulins?

Back (Answer)

0.5 - 1.7 g/dL

#15

Front (Question)

Define hyperproteinemia.

Back (Answer)

Increased serum proteins levels.

#16

Front (Question)

What are some causes of hyperproteinemia?

Back (Answer)

Hemoconcentration and increased abnormal protein.

#17

Front (Question)

What are some causes of hypoproteinemia?

Back (Answer)

A decrease serum proteins level; excessive loss due to salt retention syndrome and decreased synthesis.

#18

Front (Question)

Define acute phase reactants.

Back (Answer)

Individual fractions of total protein that are involved in the inflammatory process.

#19

Front (Question)

Reference interval for transthyretin (prealbumin).

Back (Answer)

0.1 - 0.4 g/dL

#20

Front (Question)

What is the clinical significance of transthyretin (prealbumin)?

Back (Answer)

Transport ~10% of T3 and T4 proteins; Retinol Binding Protein (circulates 1:1).

#21

Front (Question)

When would transthyretin (prealbumin) be increased?

Back (Answer)

In Hodgkin’s and renal disease.

#22

Front (Question)

When would transthyretin (prealbumin) be decreased?

Back (Answer)

In malnutrition, liver disease, activation of acute phase reactants, and tissue necrosis.

#23

Front (Question)

What method(s) are used to measure transthyretin?

Back (Answer)

Electrophoresis: high resolution, migrates ahead of albumin. Quantitative test: nephelometry

#24

Front (Question)

Reference interval of albumin.

Back (Answer)

3.5 - 5.5 g/dL