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Chapter 12

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

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#1
Front (Question)

Do cells spontaneously appear, or do they arise through preexisting cells?

Back (Answer)

Preexisting cells

#2
Front (Question)

What is cell division that results in asexual reproduction in bacteria called?

Back (Answer)

binary fission

#3
Front (Question)

What is the circular DNA in prokaryotes called specifically?

Back (Answer)

Nucleoid

#4
Front (Question)

What are the two types of cell division found in eukaryotes? Explain both.

Back (Answer)

1) Meiosis- produces genetically different gametes (eggs and sperm) that are haploids 2) Mitosis- produces all other cell types referred to as somatic cells

#5
Front (Question)

What is mitosis (and cytokinesis) significant for? (Hint: There are 3 major functions.)

Back (Answer)

Growth, Replace damaged cells, Asexual reproduction.

#6
Front (Question)

How is DNA packaged in chromosomes?

Back (Answer)

DNA wraps around his tone proteins and packaged as chromosomes.

#7
Front (Question)

Define chromatid.

Back (Answer)

Each of the DNA copies in a replicated chromosome

#8
Front (Question)

Define sister chromatids.

Back (Answer)

Chromatids from the same chromosome

#9
Front (Question)

What is the structure where sister chromatids join together called?

Back (Answer)

Centromere

#10
Front (Question)

How many chromosomes are there when there are 2 sister chromatids? (Hint: Chromosome looks like an X in shape.)

Back (Answer)

1 chromosome 46

#11
Front (Question)

Define chromatin.

Back (Answer)

The material that makes up eukaryotic chromosomes, consists of a DNA molecule complexed with his tone proteins

#12
Front (Question)

Define kinetochore.

Back (Answer)

The structures on sister chromatids where microtubules attach

#13
Front (Question)

What is the microtubule-organizing center called?

Back (Answer)

Centrosome

#14
Front (Question)

What are the cylindrical structures that make microtubules called?

Back (Answer)

Centioles

#15
Front (Question)

What are the two phases of the cell cycle? Explain both.

Back (Answer)

#16
Front (Question)

Explain what occurs during the G1 phase.

Back (Answer)

#17
Front (Question)

Explain what occurs during the S phase.

Back (Answer)

#18
Front (Question)

Explain what occurs during the G2 phase.

Back (Answer)

#19
Front (Question)

Name the phase that nondividing cells stay in. Give an example of a cell type that is in this stage.

Back (Answer)

#20
Front (Question)

What criteria must the cell meet to pass the G1 checkpoint?

Back (Answer)

#21
Front (Question)

What criteria must the cell meet to pass the G2 checkpoint?

Back (Answer)

#22
Front (Question)

What criteria must the cell meet to pass the M-phase checkpoints?

Back (Answer)

#23
Front (Question)

What induces mitosis in all eukaryotes? (Hint: It is found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.)

Back (Answer)

#24
Front (Question)

What are the two subunits that comprise MPF? Explain both.

Back (Answer)