INPUT OUTPUT AND STORAGE

Magnetic Benefits: - Lower price per GB - As standard comes in high capacity Magnetic Drawbacks: - Lower R/W speed - Higher power consumption - Moving parts / less durable - Magnetic hard drives can be noisy (due to parts moving at high speed) Flash Benefits: - Higher R/W speed - No moving parts / more durable - Lower power consumption - Can have a higher capacity - Operate silently Flash drawbacks: - Higher cost per GB - At higher capacities prices rise exponentially - Smaller capacity (in comparison) - Limited lifespan due to limited read/writes

• Stored away from the computer • So in case of disaster, data is not also damaged • All of the data (from multiple machines) can be backed up at the same time • Can be accessed from elsewhere / other machines • Storage can be expanded as necessary / no limit on size • Speed off access is not a priority for backup • Can make recovery from another site easier • No physical space needed for backup hardware • No on site maintenance required • Allows more logical storage capacity for data

• Magnetic devices include magnetic hard drives and magnetic tape • Data stored by altering the magnetic field of a small section of tape or disk • One orientation represents a binary value of 1 • The opposite orientation represents a binary value of 0 • Written to using a read/write head • Read/write head can then read the magnetic field and retrieve the data • These read and write heads move across the disk or the tape moves under the heads.

Copying potentially large amounts of data to and froms storage devices at regular intervals

• Potentially vulnerable to hacking • Reliant on internet connection / requires a fast enough internet connection • Reliant on company servers

Input: - Microphone - Buttons Output: - Speaker - LEDs - Screen / Monitor - Printer

• External hard disk • SOlid state drive • Flash memory card / stick / drive • SD card / Micro SD card • USB stick

• A laser is shined on the spinning disk • The reflection from the media is processed • The surface of the disk is physically burnt by the laser, creating pits and lands, suitable for storing 0s and 1s -It is the point where the pit starts or ends which causes the laser light to scatter, and thus is not reflected as well • The change in reflection is interpreted as 0s and 1s

Advantages: - Cheap - Lightweight - Portable - Easy to mass distribute Disadvantages: - Slow access times as data is read and written in a spiral from the inside to the outside of the disk - Prone to scratches - For readable disks, once the surface has been burnt, it cannot be changed

• The concept of storing and retrieving data over the internet in the cloud instead of a local storage device • The abstraction or separation of logical storage from physical storage (The user perceives a single storage area neatly structured and organised under a single drive but the physical implementation could have the files stored across different media)