Metals And Reactivity Series
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What is the order of the GCSE reactivity series?
Potassium Sodium Calcium Magnesium Aluminium (Carbon) Zinc Iron Tin Lead (Hydrogen) Copper Silver Gold Platinum
What are the observations in a reaction between potassium and cold water (8)
• Lilac flame produced • Potassium melts into a tiny ball • Potassium floats and spins on the surface of the water (most vigorously) • Effervescence/fizzing • Heat released (seen through steam) • Potassium disappears quickly • Colourless solution produced • Crackles at the end/ chance to produce a small explosion
What are the observations in a reaction between sodium and cold water (6/7)
• Sodium melts into a tiny ball • Sodium floats and spins on water surface (slightly less vigorously than potassium) • Effervescence/fizzing • Heat released (seen through steam) • Disappears at the end • Colourless solution formed +7. Chance to ignite with an orange flame (depends on volume of metal)
What are the observations in a reaction between calcium and cold water (5)
• Sinks then rises • Bubbles • Heat released • Ca disappears • Colourless solution with a white precipitate (calcium hydroxide - slightly soluble)
What are the observations for the reaction of magnesium with oxygen?
• Bright white flame • White solid
What are the observations for the reaction of iron with oxygen?
• Burns with orange sparks • Black solid (iron 2) • or orange-brown solid (iron 3)
What are the observations for the reaction of calcium with oxygen?
• Brick-red flame • White solid
What are the observations for the reaction of sodium with oxygen?
• Orange-yellow flame • White solid
What is the observation in a reaction between magnesium and cold water
A few bubbles of gas over a long period of time
What are the observations for the reaction of potassium with oxygen? (2)
• Lilac flame • White solid
What are the observations in a reaction between magnesium and steam (3)
• Bright white light • Heat given out • White solid formed
What are the observations in a reaction between aluminium and steam (2)
Oxide layer must be removed - Powdered aluminium reacts to give white solid - Heat released
What are the observations in a reaction between zinc and steam (2)
• Powdered zinc reacts to form yellow solid which cools to white • Heat released
What are the observations for the reaction of aluminium with oxygen? (2)
• Burns only when finely powdered • White solid
What are the observations for the reaction of zinc with oxygen?
• yellow solid -> white on cooling
What are the observations for the reaction of copper with oxygen? (3)
• Glows red • Blue-green flame • Becomes covered with a black layer (Black Solid)
What is a displacement reaction?
When a more reactive metal takes the place of a less reactive metal in a compound
What is the observation in a reaction between iron and steam
powdered iron reacts to form a black solid
What is observed in displacement reactions with copper(II) sulfate? (3)
• Heat is released • Red-brown solid copper is deposited • Blue-green colour of copper ions fades
What is an ore?
A rock that contains a metal compound from which the metal can be extracted
When is reduction with carbon used over electrolysis when extracting metals?
When a metal is less reactive than carbon, but more reactive than hydrogen
What are the observations for the reaction of potassium with oxygen?
• Lilac flame • White solid
What are the observations for the reaction of aluminium with oxygen?
(Burns only when finely powdered) - White solid
What are the observations for the reaction of zinc with oxygen?
• Yellow solid -> White on cooling