Chapter 1

Is the extracellular environment and is the same as the insides of -vesicles -Golgi -ER -Endosome -Lysosome

Presequence -rich in basic residues -no acidic (negative) -amphipathic alpha-helices Should be around 50 residues and span both OM and IM

Deleting of gene results to loss of function and inserting the gene to something that does not naturally have it will result to have that function

TOM20, TOM22, TOM70

Is for the pre-sequence of peptide -has a hydrophobic for amphipathic sequences Positive side of helix is for specificity

Membrane potential for inner membrane of mitochondria is necessary to pull pre-sequence into the inner membrane Without it, the protein would then be clogged into TOM

Inner membrane translocon that is sealed to prevent protons from leaking

Heat-shock proteins -N-terminal ATPase domain -C-terminal peptide binding that recognize all unfolded proteins -a molecular chaperone -drives translocation with ATP hydrolysis with entropic pulling (horse tail)

J protein of Hsp70 -recruits and stimulates mtHsp70 -stimulates by ATP hydrolysis

uses -identify partners of known protein -protein neighbors -stable conjugate between 2 proteins

Lysine - alpha-amino group Cysteine- sulfhydryl (thiol) group

UV light generate formation of covalent bonds Pros: nonselective Cons: low efficiency and work in dark