Nomenclature
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alternative alkyl substituent:
t-butyl
alternative alkyl substituent:
isopropyl
alternative alkyl substituent:
sec-butyl
alternative alkyl substituent:
isobutyl
alternative alkyl substituent:
neopentyl
name if highest priority: ____ if not highest priority: ____ two groups: ____
alcohol if highest priority: -ol if not highest priority: hydroxy- two groups: -diol
IUPAC: common:
IUPAC: ethanol common: ethyl alcohol
IUPAC: common:
IUPAC: 2-propanol common: isopropyl alcohol
name if not highest priority: ____ two types: ____ and ____
carbonyl if not highest priority: oxo- two types: aldehydes and ketones
name if highest priority: ____
aldehyde if highest priority: -al
IUPAC: common:
IUPAC: methanal common: formaldehyde
IUPAC: common:
IUPAC: ethanal common: acetaldehyde
IUPAC: common:
IUPAC: propanal common: propionaldehyde
name if highest priority:
ketone if highest priority: -one
IUPAC: common:
IUPAC: 2-propanone common: acetone
name if highest priority: ____ derivatives include: ____
carboxylic acid if highest priority: -oic acid derivatives include: esters, amides, and anhydrides
IUPAC: common:
IUPAC: methanoic acid common: formic acid
IUPAC: common:
IUPAC: ethanoic acid common: acetic acid
IUPAC: common:
IUPAC: propanoic acid common: propionic acid
name if highest priority: \_\_\_\_ hydroxyl replaced by: \_\_\_\_ naming: first term = \_\_\_\_ second term = \_\_\_\_
ester if highest priority: -oate hydroxyl replaced by: alkoxy group naming: first term = R group second term = parent acid
IUPAC:
IUPAC: ethyl propanoate
name if highest priority: \_\_\_\_ hydroxyl replaced by: \_\_\_\_ naming: first term = \_\_\_\_ second term = \_\_\_\_
amide if highest priority: -amide hydroxyl replaced by: amino group naming: first term = R group on nitrogen labeled with N- second term = parent acid
IUPAC:
IUPAC: N-methylethanamide
name if highest priority: \_\_\_\_ hydroxyl replaced by: \_\_\_\_ naming: if same carboxylic acid = \_\_\_\_ if different carboxylic acid = \_\_\_\_
anhydride if highest priority: -oic anhydride hydroxyl replaced by: a second carboxylic acid bonded to oxygen naming: if same carboxylic acid = name of carboxylic acid (without the word acid) followed by “anhydride” if different carboxylic acid = names of both carboxylic acids listed alphabetically (without the word acid) followed by “anhydride”