Chapter 8
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dropping of sediment that occurs when an agent of erosion, such as gravity, a glacier, wind, or water, loses its energy and can no linger carry its load
deposition
is a process that wears away surface materials and moves them form place to place
erosion
any type of erosion that occurs as gravity moves materials down-slope
mass movement
a type of mass movement that occurs when a mass of material moves down a curved slope
slump
a type of mass movements in which sediments move down-slope very slowly; is common in areas of freezing and thawing, and can cause walls, trees, and fences to lean downhill
creep
large, moving masses of ice and snow that change large areas of Earth’s surface through erosion and deposition
glacier
process that adds gravel, sand, and boulders to a glacier’s bottom and sides was water freezes and thaws, breaking off pieces of surrounding rock
plucking
mixture of differen-sized sediments that is dropped from the base of a retreating glacier and can cover huge areas of land
till
large ridges of rocks and soil deposited by a glacier when it stops moving forward
moraine
material deposited by meltwater from a glacier
outwash
what are 3 ways to prevent erosion
retaining walls, vegetation, and wire/fences
how dose a glacier form
more snow accumulates than melts over time you have a large mass covering a min. of 40 acres and many ft. deep
why does a glacier flow down a hill
pressure causes the soil and snow to behave like a liquid and slowly flow downhill
what is found at bottom of a glacier where it is under a large amount of pressure
blue ice
what is the zone of flow
the blue ice
what is the zone of accumulation
the top with new snow
what are the 3 types of morains
terminal, medial, and lateral
what is a cirque
circular formation in a mt.
what is a horn
a 3 sided mt.
what is a tarn
a cirque filled with h2o
what are kettles
are formations made on plains by glaciers
what are tills
unstratified deposits of small rock and soil (glacial dirt)
what is calving and what does it make
a piece of ice ice breaks off into the ocean: icebergs
what are fiords
are created when a glacier goes into the ocean and scrapes out the land. The glacier melts and the ocean floods the area previously covered by a glacier