Matter And Mixture

Anything that occupies space and mass.

Mass is the amount of matter in an object

Solids Liquids Gases

Have a Definite shape Have a Definite volume Cannot be compressed And cannot flow

Have no definite shape Have a definite volume Cannot be compressed Can flow

Have no definite shape Have no definite volume Can be compressed Can flow

In order for a substance to change state( from solid to a liquid,or a liquid to a gas) it needs heat energy.

As a substance changes state,it uses latent heat. There is no change to temperature, but the state of the material changes.

The melting point is wen both the solid and liquid state exist together( changing from a solid to a liquid )

The boiling point of a liquid is when evaporation begins to happen throughout the liquid(changing from a liquid to a gas)

Condensation is the changing of a gas to a liquid

Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration e.g. spray perfume in one corner of the room,and it spreads to the rest of the room

Plasma is the fourth state of matter.like gas,but can conduct electricity It is very similar to a gas, in fact plasma particles spread out and move around randomly, but unlike gas plasma has the ability

A mixture consists of two or more substances mingled together but not chemically combined e.g. sand and water

Filtration Evaporation Distillation Chromatography

Used to separate small insoluble solids (do not dissolve in a liquid ) from a liquid by using filter paper and a funnel to trap the solids

Used to separate soluble solids( dissolve in liquids ) from a solution by evaporating off the liquid to leave the solids E.g. salt water

No change in particles just the particle arrangement and energy,easy to reverse e.g.mixing water with salt

A chemical reaction takes place and a new substance is formed,very difficult to reverse e.g. burning a match

The atoms rearrange to form a new substance ,Might be seen by colour change,temperature change,light being emitted or bubbles

Matter can be changed from one form to another. During physical and chemical changes, there is no overall change in mass

Used to separate two liquids with different boiling points such as alcohol (boils at 78) and water boils at 100) also used to separate a soluble solid from a liquid e.g. seawater to give a pure sample of each

Liquids that mix together. Example alcohol and water

Piece of equipment used in distillation in which cool water flows to condense steam to water