Amylase
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α-Amylases are
hydrolytic enzymes which break down starch into maltose.
In the human body, α-amylases originate from various organs:
• pancreatic amylase is produced by the pancreas and released into the intestinal tract • salivary amylase is synthesized in the salivary glands and secreted into saliva.
Amylases present in blood are
eliminated through the kidney and excreted into urine. Therefore, elevation of amylase activity in serum is reflected in a rise of urinary amylase activity.
Method
Enzymatic photometric test, in which the substrate 4,6-ethylidene-(G7)-p-nitrophenyl-(G1)-α-D-maltoheptaoside (EPS-G7) is cleaved by α-Amylases into various fragments. These are further hydrolyzed in a second step by α-Glucosidase producing glucose and p-nitrophenol. The increase in absorbance represents the total (pancreatic and salivary) amylase activity in the sample. [3,4]
R1:
Good’s buffer NaCl MgCl2 α-Glucosidase
R2:
Good’s buffer EPS-G7
Conversion Factor
0.0167 = α-Amylase [µkat/L]
Interfering substance with serum/plasma
Ascorbic acid Bilirubin (conjugated) Bilirubin (unconjugated) Hemoglobin Lipemia
Interfering substance with urine
Ascorbic acid Bilirubin (conjugated) Boric Acid Glucose Hemoglobin Protein Sodium-Oxalate Urobilinogen
Specimen
Human serum, heparin plasma or urine
Wavelength
410/694 nm
Reference Range
Serum/Plasma Women: < 100 U/L < 1.67 µkat/L Men: < 100 U/L < 1.67 µkat/L Urine Women: < 447 U/L < 7.45 µkat/L Men: < 491 U/L < 8.18 µkat/L