Blood sugar regulation

Receives glucose via Hepatic portal vein after being absorbed into blood through walls of small intestine. Removes glucose from blood to provide energy for its functioning. Converts glucose into glycogen for storage. Continues sending glucose to circulate as a source of energy for body cells. Converts large amounts of excess to fat for long term storage.

Converts glucose into glycogen. Is stimulated by Insulin.

Breaks down glycogen into glucose. Stimulated by glucagon.

Converts glucose into fat in adipose tissue. Causes increase in protein synthesis in cells. Stimulated by Insulin.

Converts fat + amino acids into glucose. Stimulated by glucagon.

Islets of Langerhans Cluster of hormone secreting cells in Pancreas. Alpha cells – secretes Glucagon Beta cells – secretes Insulin

Increases blood sugar. Stimulates glycogenolysis (glycogen → glucose) in liver. Stimulates gluconeogenesis (fats + amino acids → glucose)

Decreases blood sugar. Stimulates glycogenesis (glucose → glycogen) in liver and muscles. Increases uptake of glucose from blood into body cells + protein synthesis. Stimulates lipogenesis (glucose → fat).

Adrenaline Increases blood sugar. Stimulates glycogenolysis (glycogen → glucose). Converts glycogen → lactic acid → glucose. Cortisol Increases blood sugar. Stimulates glycogenolysis (glycogen → glucose) in liver. Stimulates gluconeogenesis (fats + amino acids → glucose). Removal of amino acids from muscle cells.