Ch. 1.2 Study of Biology
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (11)
four largest groups of highly specialized “biomolecules”
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
life’s hierarchy of organization (11)
atom/molecule -> organelle -> cell -> tissue -> organ -> organ system -> organism -> population -> community -> ecosystem -> biosphere
chemical level of organization (7)
• atoms • molecules • macromolecules (large molecules) • carbohydrates (long chains of sugars) • lipids (fats) • proteins • nucleic acids (DNA/RNA)
cellular level of organization (5)
• organelles • cells • tissues • organs • organ systems
ecological level of organization (5)
• organisms • population • community • ecosystem • biosphere
underlying theme in biology (2)
• flow of energy and nutrients in ecosystems - one way
DNA (4)
• all life uses DNA to store and inherit genetic info -> Unity of Life is based on DNA • DNA controls structure and function of all cells • diversity of life arises from differences in DNA sequences • DNA directs cellular metabolism and development in all living organisms
domain bacteria (2)
• consist of prokaryotes (singe celled and microscopic) - most diverse and widespread
domain archea (2)
• consists of prokaryotes - primitive, extremophiles
domain eukarya (4)
• protists: multiple kingdoms, most are primary producers, diverse collection of mostly single celled organisms and some simple multicellular relatives • plantae: produce their own food by photosynthesis, plants ferns shrubs • fungi: mostly decompose the remains if dead organisms and organic wastes and absorb the nutrients into their cells, mushrooms yeasts molds • animalia: obtain food by indigestion, sloths
evolution (2)
• explains both the unity and diversity of life • unequal reproductive success over many generations increases the percentage of individuals with advantageous traits = evolutionary adaptation