Topic #2: Exercise Physiology

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

Front (Question)

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

Back (Answer)

Gas exchange between blood and air This includes moving air to and from exchange surfaces, protecting exchange surfaces from environmental variations, producing sounds, and detecting olfactory stimuli.

Front (Question)

List the components of the respiratory system.

Back (Answer)

• Nose, nasal cavity, and paranasal sinuses • Pharynx • Larynx • Trachea • Lungs • Bronchi • Bronchioles • Alveoli

Front (Question)

What is the role of the external nares?

Back (Answer)

Admit air into the respiratory system The external nares are also known as nostrils.

Front (Question)

What does the respiratory mucosa do?

Back (Answer)

Lines the nasal cavity with respiratory epithelium and mucous glands Mucus traps inhaled dirt, pathogens, etc.

Front (Question)

What are the three regions of the pharynx?

Back (Answer)

• Nasopharynx • Oropharynx • Laryngopharynx

Front (Question)

What is the function of the epiglottis?

Back (Answer)

Covers the glottis during swallowing to keep solids and liquids out of airways

Front (Question)

What is the trachea also known as?

Back (Answer)

Windpipe

Front (Question)

What structures branch from the trachea?

Back (Answer)

• Right primary bronchi • Left primary bronchi • Secondary bronchi • Tertiary bronchi

Front (Question)

What is the diameter of bronchioles?

Back (Answer)

Less than 1.0 mm

#10

Front (Question)

How is smooth muscle in bronchioles controlled?

Back (Answer)

By the Autonomic Nervous System

#11

Front (Question)

What causes bronchodilation?

Back (Answer)

Sympathetic division of the Autonomic Nervous System

#12

Front (Question)

What causes bronchoconstriction?

Back (Answer)

Parasympathetic division of the Autonomic Nervous System

#13

Front (Question)

What is excess bronchoconstriction a cause of?

Back (Answer)

Asthma

#14

Front (Question)

What shape do alveoli resemble?

Back (Answer)

A blackberry

#15

Front (Question)

What is the respiratory membrane made of?

Back (Answer)

• Simple squamous epithelium • Shared basement membrane • Capillary endothelium

#16

Front (Question)

What do septal cells produce?

Back (Answer)

Surfactant to reduce collapse

#17

Front (Question)

How many lobes do the lungs comprise?

Back (Answer)

Five lobes

#18

Front (Question)

What separates the lobes of the lungs?

Back (Answer)

Deep fissures

#19

Front (Question)

What is pulmonary ventilation?

Back (Answer)

Moving air into and out of the respiratory tract; Breathing

#20

Front (Question)

What is the normal respiratory rate for adults?

Back (Answer)

12 to 18 breaths/minute

#21

Front (Question)

What is hyperventilation?

Back (Answer)

Not enough oxygen enters the alveoli, leading to fainting

#22

Front (Question)

What occurs during external respiration?

Back (Answer)

Diffusion of gases between alveolar air and pulmonary capillary blood

#23

Front (Question)

What occurs during internal respiration?

Back (Answer)

Diffusion of gases between blood and interstitial fluids

#24

Front (Question)

What is the role of arterial blood?

Back (Answer)

Delivers oxygen and removes carbon dioxide