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Molecular shape and Bonding

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卡片总数: 24 张•内容版本: v4•公开卡包•更新时间: 8/1/2026

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#1
正面 (问题)

what is a non- polar covalent bond ?

背面 (解答)

_ Similar electronegativity

#2
正面 (问题)

what is a polar covalent bond ?

背面 (解答)

• have dipoles • difference in electronegativity less than 2

#3
正面 (问题)

what are 3 properties of ionic compounds ?

背面 (解答)

• highly ordered crystal lattice • conduct electricity when molten • high bp

#4
正面 (问题)

what are electropositive elements ?

背面 (解答)

• elements with low ionisation energy (outer e- easily removed)

#5
正面 (问题)

what are electronegative elements ?

背面 (解答)

• elements that readily acquire electrons

#6
正面 (问题)

what are the factors affecting lattice energy ?

背面 (解答)

• ionic radius • ionic charge • no of shells /sheilding

#7
正面 (问题)

How does ionic radius affect LE ?

背面 (解答)

• smaller ionic radius = greater attraction so higher LE

#8
正面 (问题)

How does ionic charge affect LE ?

背面 (解答)

• greater ionic charge = greater attraction so higher lE

#9
正面 (问题)

what is electronegativity ?

背面 (解答)

• the ability of an atom to pull bonding electrons towards itself

#10
正面 (问题)

what are degenerate orbitals ?

背面 (解答)

• have same energy level • eg 2p orbitals

#11
正面 (问题)

why do electrons in degenerate orbitlas occupy empty ones first ?

背面 (解答)

• to minimise repulsion

#12
正面 (问题)

why is the 4s orbital filled before 3d ?

背面 (解答)

• it has a lower energy level

#13
正面 (问题)

what is a radial node ?

背面 (解答)

• region where there is zero probability of finding an electron

#14
正面 (问题)

what are 2 properties of 2p orbitals ?

背面 (解答)

• degenerate (same energy) • each orbital is perpendicular to the other two

#15
正面 (问题)

what is the rule for molecular orbital theory ?

背面 (解答)

• number of AO = number of MO • always get a bonding and anti-bonding MO

#16
正面 (问题)

what is a sigma bonding molecular orbital ?

背面 (解答)

• atomic orbitals of same phase sign overlap

#17
正面 (问题)

what is anti-bonding molecular orbital ?

背面 (解答)

• atomic orbitals of opposite phase sign overlap

#18
正面 (问题)

what is constructive combination ?

背面 (解答)

• wave function of e- are in the same phase

#19
正面 (问题)

what is destructive combination ?

背面 (解答)

• wave function of e- are in opposite phases

#20
正面 (问题)

what is the difference between anti bonding and bonding MO ?

背面 (解答)

• anti bonding has a node and no electrons • anti - bonding is higher in energy

#21
正面 (问题)

What does end on overlap of 2p orbitals lead to ?

背面 (解答)

• sigma bonds

#22
正面 (问题)

what does side on overlap of p orbitals lead to ?

背面 (解答)

• pi bonds

#23
正面 (问题)

explain the hybridization of carbon for CH4 ?

背面 (解答)

• one e- from a 2s orbital is promoted to a spare p orbital • makes 4 degenerate sp3 orbitals • helps from 4 equivalent bonds

#24
正面 (问题)

How are C-H bonds formed in ethane ?

背面 (解答)

• overlap of sp3 and hydrogen s orbital