6. Energy
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What are the two forms of mechanical energy, and what are they?
potential and kinetic.
What is work defined as?
Work is done when a force causes an object to change its motion in the direction of the force.
What is positive work?
Force and motion in the same direction. Fxd
What is negative work?
force and motion in opposite directions. -Fxd
What is zero work?
No movement or force is perpendicular to displacement. Force is vertical while displacement is horizontal. Fx0
What is power?
the rate at which work is done
What’s energy defined as?
the capacity to do work. change things like motion or position.
What’s gravitational potential energy?
The energy stored by an object as a result of its position or the position of its parts.
What’s kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy is the dynamic energy that matter has because of its motion and mass.
What’s mechanical advantage?
How much a machine multiplies the input force.
What are the two laws of conservation of energy?
• Energy input always equals energy output - energy is neither created nor destroyed. • When energy is converted from one form to another, the result is to move from higher level energy (gasoline) to lower level energy (heat).
How do we calculate the actual mechanical advantage (AMA)?
How much weight the machine lifts (Fout) divided by the force you apply (Fin)
How do we calculate the ideal mechanical advantage (IMA)?
How long you push (Din) divided by how far the object actually moves in the direction of the output force (Dout)
The force (F) in is called ____ and the force out is called ____
effort (E) and resistance (R)