Atomic structure and the periodic table
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Atoms of the same element with different numbers of … are called isotopes
neutrons
element
made of only one type of atom
2H2+O2→2 H2O describe what is happening in this equation
hydrogen reacts with oxygen
how man electrons go in the first shell of an element?
2
What is the formula of methane?
ch4
if a question asks you what a formula of a certain element is, how do you present it??
IN SYMBOL EQUATION!!!!!!
molecule
2 or more elements bonded together
what is covelant bonding
A covalent bond is formed when a pair of electrons is shared between two atoms
In an element , which number is the atomic number (ALSO THE NUMBER OF PROTONS)!!
THE SMALLER ONE!!! THE MASS NUMBER IS THE BIGGER ONE!!!! atomic number is usually at the top or the left. mass number is usually at the bottom or at the top right.
Suggest why burning hydrogen would be less harmful to the environment than burning methane.
no harmful gases produced
what is the apparatus called used in distillation that the liquid boils in and it has a massive round bottom
flask
Describe how this fuel is different from crude oil.
the fuel is made up of four hydrocarbons. the fuel is a pure compound. crude oil is a mixture.
When the mass of the boron atom is calculated, the mass of the electrons is ignored. Why is the mass of the electrons ignored?
because the mass of an electron is very small
What is the electrical charge on the nucleus of the boron atom?
+5
how do you find out the number of neutrons?
Atomic mass - atomic number
how do you work out the mass number of. an element
add protons and neutrons together
Phosphorus has a mass number of 31 and has 16 neutrons. What percentage of the mass number of phosphorus is the number of neutrons?
16 divided by 31 = 0.516 0.516 x 100 = 51.6 (rounded = 52)
Estimate the boiling point of astatine.
337
Room temperature is 20 °C. Which element in the table above is a liquid at room temperature?
bromine
To which group of the periodic table do fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine
group 7
Which element in the table above will react with sodium chloride solution?
fluorine, because it is more reactive than chlorine
In the periodic table, aluminium is in Group…
3
Give two reasons why aluminium should be recycled.
affects on the environment, limited resource
Aluminium has a low density, conducts electricity and is resistant to corrosion. Which one of these properties makes aluminium suitable to use as kitchen foil?
resistant to corrosion