The earth and its oceans
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Name the 3 plate boundaries
Divergent, Convergent, and Transform.
Name the force that keeps the earth in orbit around the sun.
gravity
What produces the magnetic field around the earth.
a geodynamo process in the outer core.
Name the 4 layers of the earth
inner core, outer core, mantel and crust.
What is tectonic plate theory.
A theory developed in the 1960s that helps explain the formation of some of the important features on the earths surface and how the continents move
What are convection currents.
The transfer of thermal energy by the motion of a fluid.
Describe the movement of a convergent plate boundaries
At a convergent boundary, tectonic plates move towards each other, leading to either one plate subducting (diving) beneath the other, or two continental plates colliding and crumpling to form mountains.
Describe the movement of a divergent plate boundaries.
At a divergent plate boundary, tectonic plates move apart from each other magma rises up and forms a rige The process is driven by convection currents in the mantle
Describe the movement at transform plate boundaries.
At a transform plate boundary, two tectonic plates slide horizontally past each other along a fault line, neither creating nor destroying lithosphere.
What is a tsunami and how does it form.
Tsunamis are large fast moving waves caused by the sudden vertical displacement of large volumes of ocean water, most frequently triggered by a powerful underwater earthquake at a subduction zone on a tectonic plate boundary.
What percentage of the earths surface is water?
71% with 97% of that water being sea water.
What is the world ocean?
All of the oceans that are interconnected to encircle the world.
what is the area and volume of the pacific ocean?
The pacific has an area of 160 million km squared and a volume of 660 million km cubed.
Name the 5 major oceans.
Atlantic, Southern, Indian, Arctic and Pacific.
What is a coordinate?
Coordinates are a pair of numbers used to identify a point.
What is latitude and what is it used for?
The lines of latitude are the 180 imaginary lines running horizontally around the earth parallel to the EQUATOR used to measure the distance north and south of the equator.
What is longitude and what is it used for?
The lines of longitude are the 360 imaginary lines running vertically around the earth parallel to the PRIME MERIDIAN used to measure the distance east to west of the prime meridian.
What is the continental shelf and how deep is it?
The continental shelf is part of the continental plate extending from the coast/shore in shallow waters with little or no slope generally no more than 100-200m deep.
what is the continental slope?
The continental slope is the steeper slope from the continental shelf to the abyssal plain, the edge of continental crust, where this meets oceanic crust.
what is the abyssal plain?
generally flat ocean floor usually at depths of 3000-6000m.