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Mechanism conditions

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Total cards: 8•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (8)

#1
Front (Question)

Nucleophilic substitution

Back (Answer)

• warm/hot, ethanolic potassium cyanide • Warm aqueous sodium/ potassium hydroxide/ water, reflux • AgNO3- source of water • Warm, excess ethanolic ammonia

#2
Front (Question)

Elimination reaction

Back (Answer)

• Warm, hydroxide ions dissolved in ethanol • Reflux • Alkenes • Adjacent • Halogenoalkanes to alkenes

#3
Front (Question)

Electrophilic addition

Back (Answer)

• hydrogen halides • cold concentrated sulfuric acid, add cold water and warm the product to form an alcohol • Halogens • water in the form of steam, hot, concentrated phosphoric/sulfuric acid catalyst

#4
Front (Question)

Dehydration of alcohols

Back (Answer)

• Produces alkenes, sometimes a mixture with water • Concentrated sulfuric acid/ phosphoric acid an aluminium oxide catalyst/ acid catalyst

#5
Front (Question)

Hydration of alcohols

Back (Answer)

• Steam (300C), and acid catalyst (phosphoric (v) acid catalyst) • Reversible • Pressure 60atm

#6
Front (Question)

Free radical substitution reaction

Back (Answer)

• Alkanes to halogenoalkanes • U.V light • Chlorine radical and bromine radical • Chain reaction

#7
Front (Question)

Oxidation reaction

Back (Answer)

• Primary alcohols to aldehydes • Secondary alcohols to ketones • Aldehydes to carboxylic acid under reflux (acidified potassium dichromate)

#8
Front (Question)

give a reagent for an elimination reaction

Back (Answer)

dehydration or elimination 1 (conc) H2SO4 or (conc) H3PO4 allow dilute and Al2O3 Do not allow iron oxides