2.5 Structure&Function Artery, Veins,Capillary
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Cardiovascular system allows exchanges of substances through which type of blood vessel?
Capillaries
Arteries function
Carry blood away from heart and supply oxygenated blood
Wjat do veins do?
Supply deoxygenated blood back to heart with high blood pressure
What is Pulmonary System?
Circulates blood from heart to lungs and back to the heart
What exertions are there to pulmonary system?
Pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood and veins carry oxygenated
How is hepatic portal vein different from other veins?
It carries blood to capillary bed of the intestine then to the capillary bed of the liver. Veins usually carry blood from capillary bed in a organ directly back to heart
Structure of an artery
Thick middle layer of smooth muscle in its wall, inner and outer layer of elastic fibres which allow the wall to pulsate and has a narrow lumen
Structure of veins
Muscular layer and layers of elastic fibres in wall of vein are thinner, wider lumen , valves present
Structure of capillaries
Thin walls, composed of epithelium and only one cell thick
What is vasoconstriction?
Reduces blood flow
What is vasodilation
Increases blood flow
What does blood consist of?
Red blood cell carry O2 White fight infection Platelets clot blood & are in plasma which is a yellow fluid that contains glucose and amino acids and plasma proteins
What is different from Tissue fluid and blood plasma?
Tissue fluid contains little or no protein as when blood is forced into capillaries pressure filtration occurs and much of the plasma squeezed out through thin capillary walls
Tissue fluid has a high concentration of soluble food molecules dissolved oxygen and useful ions
Diffuse down a concentration gradient CO2 and other metabolic wastes diffuse out of cell into tissue fluid to be excreted
What happens during osmotic return of tissue fluid
Processes brought about by osmosis tissue fluid returned to blood in the capillaries at the venule side of the capillary bed
What happens during lymphatic return of tissue fluid?
Excess tissue fluid is absorbed by thin walled lymphatic vessels located in a connective-tissue among living cells. Once in a lymphatic vessel the tissue fluid is called lymph
How is flow of lymph in lymphatic system brought about?
Brought about mainly by the vessels being periodically compressed when muscles contract during breathing locomotion and other body movements. lymph vessels eventually return the contents via two lymphatic duct which enter the veins coming from the arms