AnaPhys (Integumentary, Skeletal, Muscular)

study of the forms and structure of the body

• study of the function of the parts or organ systems of the body • study of function of living matter

• key word in modern physiology • maintenance of constant conditions in the internal environment

• outer protective covering of the body • consists of the skin, hair, hooves and claws, horns, feathers, and other epidermal derivatives

functions of the integumentary system

• largest organ of the body • tough, resilient and highly elastic • attached to the underlying structure by the subcutaneous tissue • consists mainly of fascia (a fibrous connective tissue) and fatty tissue

layers of the skin

avascular superficial layer, subdivided into corneum and the deeper stratum germinativum

hard dead, cornified external layer of the skin

moist and contains pigment of the skin

deep skin layer and consists of superficial network of white and elastic fibers that cushion the body from stress and stain

protects underlying tissue from infection, dehydration, chemicals, and mechanical stress

contains tough connective tissue as well as different types of cells and glands

• made up of fat and connective tissue • this layer plays many important roles in the body

Appendages of the skin

covers almost the entire surface of the body

special hairs

horny covering of the distal end of the digit

• horny mass found in the medial aspect of the forearm about halfway between the carpus and the elbow, and on the medial; • aspect of the hind leg just below the hock of the horse

horny mass found in all four legs, embedded in the hair on the posterior aspect of the fetlock joint

epidermal derivatives bound together into a solid mass by keratin

projecting mouthpart of the chicken consisting of the upper and lower

projecting mouthpart of the water fowl consisting of the upper and lower bill

• projecting part of the animal head including the mouth, jaw and nostril • It is seen among cattle, carabaos, goat and sheep