Chemical Bondings
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What is Ionic bonding?
Atom of an element donates one or more electrons to an atom of a different element.
What is an ion?
An atom with a charge (positive/negative)
When do atoms become ions?
When they gain charges. An atom becomes a positive ion if it loses one electron and vice-versa.
What is electrostatic attraction?
Force experienced by oppositely charged ions. It holds them together.
What is covalent bonding?
Electron is shared between 2 atoms. Occurs between non-metals
When does dative covalent bond happen?
When both sharing electrons come from one atom.
What is a lone pair?
Non bonding pair of electrons.
What is a double bond?
Two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms.
What are organic compounds?
Contain one or more carbons in a carbon chain.
What are metals?
Giant structures of atoms held together by metallic bonds.
What is metallic bonding?
Electrons in a metal atom can become delocalised and they are free to move through in a “sea” of electrons. Making the metal nuclei positive which is attracted to the negative charge of the delocalised ions.
What is a polar molecule?
Electrons are distributed unevenly
What is a non-polar molecule?
Electrons are distributed evenly
What is electronegativity?
Tendency of an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons.