The Universe
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how old is the universe
13.8 billion yrs old
what is the universe made up of
empty space, planets( solar systems), stars (galaxies), gas and dust, black holes, radiation (energy)
what is the most widely accepted theory
the Big Bang
what is the universe composed of
hydrogen H, helium He, oxygen O, carbon C
explain big bang theory
All matter and energy in the universe was contained in a space smaller than the size of an atom. After explosion the matter formed into galaxies. It continues to expand and cool down ever since the explosion.
what does each galaxy contain
made up of billion of stars wich there are orbiting planets, dust and gasses
the name of our galaxy and it shape
milky way, spiral
how to classify stars
by size, colour and brightness, we compare with out closest star(sun)
what is the surface temperature of sun
6000 C
how many starts does the milky way contain
200 billion, from earth we can see 3000(naked eye)
what represents 99% of the total mass of theh universe
sun
the___ rotates the ___
earth, sun
earth is the___ planet from the sun
third
why did we have to develop a new unit of measurement
because the distances between each planet are so big
what is this new unit called
astronomical unit (AU)
the astronomical unit is equal to the average distance between the Earth and the Sun. So
1 AU = 150 million km
the AU unit is used to
measure distances within the solar system
what is Light Year (Ly)
unit of measure equivalent to the distance that light can travel in a vacuum in one year.
1 LY =
9460 billion km
what do we need on order for life to develop
1- a planet must orbit a star at a particular distance (habitable zone). It is an area where the temperature allows water to stay in liquid form 2- a planet that has a circular orbit, it allows different seasons 3- an atmosphere(has a solid surface), sun is too hot 4- ideal mass: it determines the strength of gravity 5-water(in liquid form) allows for balanced water cycle 6-lithosphere its the solid surface of earth: allows complex organisms to continue evolving
the habitable zone varies_____
depending on the strength and size of a star
what is a galaxy made up of
stars, gasses and dust all orbiting around a common center