Wk 8- Blood
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (16)
Blood: Is part of the - system. Is fluid - tissue Is a major transport system of nutrients / gas/ h? Has temperature of -8 degrees Ph level between -.3- and -.-5
Cardiovascular Connective Hormones 38 7.35-7.45
The primary functions of blood: • Transportation (gas/n? h?) • Regulation (homeostasis : body - and –) • Protection (barrier to p? / immunity)
• Hormones • Temp, ph • Pathogens
Blood composition: • Plasma –% liquid • Red blood cells (erythrocytes) white blood cells (leukocytes) platelets –% cellular
• 55% 2. 45%
Plasma proteins: Maintenance of o? pressure (water balance) in blood and tissues. Transport of L? ions and vitamins. Enzymes Anti- Clotting agents
Osmotic Lipids Antibodies
Red blood cells : Transport of o? and -o2
Oxygen and CO2
White blood cells: Im? defence What are the 5 leukocytes (white blood cells)? 1. N- ( phagocytic) 2. E- ( parasitic) 3. B- ( histamine) 4. M- ( macrophages) 5. L- ( T and B cells)
Immune • Neutrophils • Eosinophils • Basophils • Monocytes • Lymphocytes
Structure of red blood cells: B? shape ( greater surface area) No ? Flexible Contain H- ( red colour) Anaerobic respiration - protein structure 1 RBC carries ? billion o2 molecules Haemoglobin = iron + ? proteins
Biconcave Nucleus Haemoglobin Quaternary 1 4 proteins
Leukocytes: Im? protection Removes waste , t? damaged and infected cells. Ph? 5 types can be divided into 2 groups Granular : - ,- , - Agranular: -, -
Immune Toxins Phagocytosis Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils Monocytes, lymphocytes
Neutrophils: -0 to -0% of all leukocytes Most - (chemotaxis) Phagocytosis : e? and d? pathogens Produce degrading e? and oxidants G-
60-70% Mobile Engulf and digest Enzymes Granular
Eosinophils: - to 4 % leukocytes Attacks pathogens with antibody c? Releases t? compounds Effective against large p? G-
2 Antibody coat Toxic Parasites Granular
Basophils: -.- to 1% leukocytes Releases h? and he? Produces localised - Migrates to site of injury= ? G-
0.5 Histamine , heparin Inflammation Chemotaxis Granular
Lymphocytes: -0 to 2-% leukocytes Migrates blood through - system A- immunity - cells, - cells and - K cells A-
20-25% Lymphatic Adaptive T cells, B cells, NK (natural killer) A granular
Monocytes: 3 to -% leukocytes Transfers between blood and t? Changes into m- Phagocytic action like N- A-
3-8% Tissues Macrophages Neutrophils A granular
Blood typing: Based on red blood cells surface a- 2 major groups ABO ( - - - –) Rhesus (Rh - and Rh -)
Antigens A B O AB Positive, negative
Antibodies and blood typing: Blood plasma contains antibodies Anti A reacts to - antigen Anti B reacts to - antigen Anti Rh reacts to – antigen Antibodies reaction to antigens = A-
A B Rh Agglutination
Haemoglobin structure and function: Composed of heme(pigment from iron) and globin (4 protein chains) Protein chains make a qu? protein structure 2 alpha chains and 2 b? chains 4 oxygen molecules bind to 1 haemoglobin molecule= 1 RBC carries 1 billion oxygen molecules.
Quaternary Beta