Exam 1
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How do we define gait
a repetitious sequence of limb movement to move the body forward while simultaneously maintaining stance stability
What is considered a gait cycle
a single sequence of one limb
Where do normal patients initiate contact and what is that term called?
with their heel, it is called heel strike
Why do we use the term “initial contact” instead of “heel strike”
because not all patients can achieve heel strike
What are the two cycle divisions of gait?
stance and swing
What is the definition of the stance phase
The entire period during which the foot is in contact with the ground
When does stance phase begin
with initial contact
What are the three subdivisions of stance phase
• Initial double stance • Single stance/mid stance • Terminal double stance
Which phase of stance begins gait cycle with both feet on the floor after initial contact
initial double stance
Which phase of stance being when opposite foot is lifted for swing (toe-off) and the entire body weight is on one extremity
Single stance
Which phase of stance begins with floor contact by other foot (contralateral initial contact) and continues until original stance limb is lifted for swing (ipsilateral toe off)
terminal double stance
How do we define swing phase of gait
begins as the original foot is lifted off the floor and continues until foot returns to the floor
What are the cycle division percentages and their sub-percentages
60% = 10% each double stance interval, 40% single limb support 40% swing
Why is the percentage of swing phase the same as single limb stance phase?
They occur at the same time
How do we define the term “stride”
a single gait cycle and is based on the actions of one limb. Initial contact of R leg to initial contact of R leg again. (two steps)
How do we define the term “Step”
refers to the timing between two separate limbs. Initial contact R to initial contact L.
How many steps are in a gait cycle/or stride
two
What two key aspects are significant in each phase when it comes to gait analysis
timing and joint angle
What are the three basic tasks a limb needs to accomplish during gait
• weight acceptance • Single limb support • Swing limb advancement
When does weight acceptance occur during gait
begins is the stance period and uses the first two phases (initial contact and loading response)
When does single limb support occur during gait
Through mid-stance and terminal stance
When does swing limb advancement occur during gait
pre-swing, initial swing, mid swing, and terminal swing
Which of the three basic tasks that a limb needs to accomplish during gait is the most challenging task?
weight acceptance
What are the three functional demands of weight acceptance
Shock absorption, initial limb stability, preservation of progression