Chapter 3- Life Processes In The Biosphere
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What are the abiotic factors?
• light • water • nutrients • PH • abiotic habitat provision
What are the biotic factors?
• food • control of predation • pollination • seed dispersal • biotic habitat provision • inter-species relations
What is ecological succession?
Movement to colonize new habitats in an organisms life cycle.
What are Seres?
Stages in ecological succession when uncolonized habitats develop into climax communities.
What are climax communities?
The sequence of new species colonizing, thriving, and then dying out until there is a final community that remains as long as the climate doesn’t change.
What is the hydrosere?
When freshwater area is created and colonized by single-called algae from the soil. Birds & flying insects bring seeds that with time will turn the water into an area filled with sediments and other dead organic material
What is the lithosere?
The development of a community of species on: • Bare rock; cliff fall • the retreat of a glacier • volcanic eruption
What is the psammosere?
Ecological succession on sand where there are no plant nutrients, rapid drainage, roots are hard to stay in
What is secondary succession?
Human activities that disturb climax communities may recreate conditions suitable for species that earlier colonized the area.
Why is secondary succession faster than primary succession?
Soil does not have to develop
What is the calculation to measure biodiversity?
D=N(N-1)/Σn(n-1) N=total number of organisms n=total number of organisms of an individual species Σ= sum of
What are r-selected species? And give one example.
They are species that respond quickly to low survival rates and reach sexual maturity quickly Eg. Mice
What are k-selected species? And give one example.
They are species that recover slowly from a decline in population and reach sexual maturity at an older age Eg.whales
What is MSY( max. Sustainable Yield)
And estimates of the greatest exploitation that is possible without causing on sustainable long-term population decline.
How do you calculate population?
Starting population+births+ immigrants- deaths- emigrants
What is the difference between density independent factors and density dependent factors?
Population has no effect on DIFs however does for DDFs as the chance of survival will depend on population density
Define taxonomy
The science of grouping organisms according to the similarities in their features
Define species
A group of closely related organisms
Define evolution
Process that changes the gene pool of a species or separates gene pools
Define habitat
The area or location where a species or a community of species live
Define ecological niche
The role a species plays in a habitat
Define ecosystem
The combination of abiotic and biotic factors
Define biome
Large geographical regions with specific climatic conditions
Define biosphere
All of planet earth inhabited by living organisms