Plant Science Exam 4

Floriculture is a branch of horticulture that specializes in the cultivation of flowering and ornamental crops for gardens and the floristry industry.

Annual bedding/Garden plants

Bedding plants Houseplants/tropical’s Potted plants Cut flowers Vegetable and herb starts Ornamentals for the landscape industry, including perennials

Research Education Production Writing/Communication Sales/Marketing Public space Owner/Entrepreneur

• Sexual – Seeds • Asexual – cuttings or starts

Artificial light Natural light

Light Water Temperature Chemicals

Plants are often listed under one of the following types of light requirement: Full sun Partial sun Partial shade Full shade.

The design process starts when the idea for a landscape project is first conceived, and can be broken down into five phases: Research Design Installation Maintenance Evaluation.

Newly planted trees in exposed, windy areas may require staking to help establishment. In windy areas, herbaceous plants may be shorter or go dormant earlier. Staking might be required to keep flowers on tall plants from falling over.

Types of Irrigation Flood Drip Mist Hose

Right plant, right place” is a phrase horticulturists use frequently when discussing landscape plants How plants will be utilized & functions they will have in the landscape play a vital role in plant choice. Many environmental factors must be considered before choosing any plant.

The earliest gardens recorded contained plants for foods & medicines—in pleasing arrangements. Landscapes for beatification and recreation began very early in human history, even if reserved for the wealthy & powerful

Plants serve aesthetic, architectural & environmental protection/modification purposes in the landscape Most often the aesthetic purpose of plants is what people think of when selecting plants Architecturally plants create space. Walls, ceilings and even floors of outdoor rooms can be formed by plants Protection- modify flow of traffic Also serve as a screen or fence, or as a barrier to keep pedestrians away from traffic right-of-ways

Moisture requirements vary in landscape plants from water lovers to xeriscape plants Irrigation can be added to landscaping Most landscapes once established can survive on normal rainfall Landscapes with high water use are often commercial plantings with harsh surrounding environments

Conservation of water, energy, and soil is something that can be accomplished in any landscape. Soil conservation in landscaping includes using plants to control water and wind erosion Plants that provide food and shelter for wildlife increase biodiversity of the landscape ecosystem. Edible plants in the landscape reduce the energy and material consumption that comes from the shipping and packaging of store-bought produce. Added benefits to edible landscapes are fresh, healthy foods

Herbaceous Plants that have a life expectancy of several years. Often die back in the winter, then re-growing from the roots or crown in the spring Used to add color and interest to landscapes

Woody Plant- bark covering the older stem- expand in girth Ex. Trees, Shrubs Herbaceous Plant- lacks wood and bark Ex. Perennials Evergreen Plant- retains foliage year round Ex. Pine, Holly Vines- can either be woody or herbaceous

Woody plants are permeant plantings in the landscape Providing depth, vertical lines, and character. It is imperative to choose trees properly & consider their lifelong characteristics

Woody shrubs are the base of any landscape and add color, texture and form to plantings Often grown in containers

Herbaceous Plants that only have a life of one year or season Used primarily in landscapes to add color Most have been bred or selected to grow rapidly

Once the landscape is installed, regular maintenance chores must be performed. Mulching, weeding, checking for diseases &insects, staking, pinching, deadheading, and dividing are common garden chores for various times of the year

Fruit plants require adequate soil moisture in the growing season to maintain vegetative growth & to produce a full crop of quality fruits Rainfall history has to be evaluated Location of irrigation wells or irrigation ponds High water tables are usually unsuitable, as only the soil mass above the water table is available for root development

Water shortages in the last 30 days before harvest can significantly reduce fruit size & quality, and increase fruit disorders. For some fruit crops, irrigation systems are also necessary as a means to avoid spring frosts during flowering.