Energy for life: Diet & Digestion + Circulation
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example of a carb?
pasta, bread
example of a protein?
meat, egg
example of a lipid?
butter, fat
what is a vitamin?
fruit
what is a mineral?
vegetables
example of fibre?
whole-grain cereal
how is food moved through the gut by peristalsis?
When food is swallowed, the muscles in the esophagus contract, creating a wave-like movement that pushes the food down towards the stomach.
what do digestive enzymes do?
Digestive enzymes break down starch into glucose for absorption and energy production.
why do we need a transport system in multicellular organisms?
their large size and complex structure make it hard for substances to move by diffusion alone
what do red blood cells do?
transport oxygen to lungs
what do white blood cells do?
attack viruses
what do platelets do?
build blood clots
what do plasma?
carries platelets, red blood cells and white blood cells around the body
why are red blood cells shaped how they are?
the biconcave shape has more surface area for oxygen and without a nucleus, it allows for more haemoglobin storage
what are the 4 main chambers of the heart?
right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle
what are the 4 main blood vessels in the heart?
vena cava, aorta, pulmonary artery, pulmonary vein
7 main parts of the circulatory system?
the heart, capillaries, veins, artery’s, pulmonary circulation, liver and kidneys