Chemical Changes - Facts

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

Front (Question)

Give the general equation for metal + oxygen.

Back (Answer)

metal + oxygen → metal oxide

Front (Question)

Give the general equation for metal + water.

Back (Answer)

metal + water → metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Front (Question)

Give the general equation for metal + acid.

Back (Answer)

metal + acid → salt + hydrogen

Front (Question)

Define ore.

Back (Answer)

Rock that contains a high % of metal Normally a metal oxide

Front (Question)

Oxidation and reduction in terms of oxygen

Back (Answer)

Oxidation - addition of oxygen Reduction - removal of oxygen

Front (Question)

Oxidation and reduction in terms of electrons

Back (Answer)

Oxidation is loss of electrons Reduction is gain of electrons

Front (Question)

How are metals less reactive than carbon extracted from their ore?

Back (Answer)

Reduction with carbon.

Front (Question)

How are metals more reactive than carbon extracted from their ore?

Back (Answer)

Electrolysis.

Front (Question)

Define acid.

Back (Answer)

A substance that donates hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water

#10

Front (Question)

Define alkali.

Back (Answer)

A substance that donates hydroxide ions (OH-) when dissolved in water

#11

Front (Question)

What are the colours and chemicals associated with the pH scale?

Back (Answer)

• pH 0-3: Red (strong acids) • pH 4-6: Orange/Yellow (weak acids) • pH 7: Green (neutral) • pH 8-10: Blue (weak alkalis) • pH 11-14: Purple (strong alkalis)

#12

Front (Question)

How does H+ concentration change with each increase 1 on the pH scale?

Back (Answer)

H+ concentration gets 10 times smaller

#13

Front (Question)

How does H+ concentration change with each decrease of 1 on the pH scale?

Back (Answer)

H+ concentration increases by a factor of 10.

#14

Front (Question)

Define strong acid.

Back (Answer)

An acid that completely ionises when dissolved in water

#15

Front (Question)

Define weak acid.

Back (Answer)

An acid that partially ionises when dissolved in water

#16

Front (Question)

What are the 3 strong acids

Back (Answer)

• Hydrochloric acid • Sulfuric acid • Nitric acid

#17

Front (Question)

Formula for sulfuric acid

Back (Answer)

H₂SO₄

#18

Front (Question)

Formula of Nitric acid

Back (Answer)

HNO₃

#19

Front (Question)

Formula of hydrochloric acid

Back (Answer)

HCl

#20

Front (Question)

Give 2 examples of weak acids.

Back (Answer)

• Ethanoic acid • Citric acid

#21

Front (Question)

Define a base.

Back (Answer)

Insoluble alkali

#22

Front (Question)

State what a neutralisation reaction is.

Back (Answer)

A reaction between an acid and alkali to produce salt and water. Exothermic

#23

Front (Question)

What would you observe when acids react with metals?

Back (Answer)

Bubbles of hydrogen gas.

#24

Front (Question)

What would you observe when acids react with metal oxides?

Back (Answer)

Metal oxide disappears