biopsych part 1 ver.2

are the sites within a cell that synthesize new protein molecules. proteins provide building materials for the cell and facilitate chemical reactions

network of membranes inside a cell through which proteins and other molecules move

cells in the brain and spinal cord that allow us to move, speak, swallow and breathe by sending commands from the brain to the muscles that carry out these functions

the nerve cells that are activated by sensory input from the environment

is a thin fiber of constant diameter. Conveys an impulse toward other neurons, an organ, or a muscle.

the ability of the cell membrane to control the flow of substances in and out of the cell.

a protein complex, repeatedly transports three sodium ions out of the cell while drawing two potassium ions into it

periodic gap in the insulating sheath (myelin) on the axon of certain neurons that serves to facilitate the rapid conduction of nerve impulses

the pathway for messages sent by the brain to the body and from the body to the brain. the part of the CNS within the spinal column, it communicated with all the sense organs and muscle except those of the head.

an action that benefits someone other than the actor.

selection for a gene that benefits the individual’s relatives. A gene spreads if it causes you to take great efforts, even risking your life, to protect your children, because they share many of your genes, including perhaps a gene for protecting their own children.

the idea that individuals help those who will return the favor. Researchers find that people are prone to help not only those who helped them but also people whom they observed helping someone else.

production of new cells. Early in development, the cells lining the ventricles of the brain divide

Substances that smell give off tiny molecules. Inhaling moves these molecules into your nose. There, special cells (_____)detect these molecules. The receptors relay this information to your brain through your olfactory nerve and allow you to perceive smell

Children of mothers who drink heavily during pregnancy are born with __________, a condition marked by hyperactivity, impulsiveness, difficulty maintaining attention, varying degrees of mental retardation, motor problems, heart defects, and facial abnormalities

the result of a ruptured artery. Effects of strokes vary from barely noticeable to immediately fatal.