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Developmental Biology

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v3•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

#1
Front (Question)

Define Haploinsufficient

Back (Answer)

If one wild type copy is NOT sufficient for normal funciton

#2
Front (Question)

Define Dominant negative

Back (Answer)

If the mutant copy produces a product that interferes with the wild type copy

#3
Front (Question)

Define mutation

Back (Answer)

Any change in the sequence of genomic DNA

#4
Front (Question)

Define Missense mutation

Back (Answer)

A mutation which results in a new codon (TTA-TCA)

#5
Front (Question)

Define Nonsense mutation

Back (Answer)

A mutation which results in a stop codon (TTA-TAA)

#6
Front (Question)

Define null/amorphic mutation

Back (Answer)

Complete loss of function

#7
Front (Question)

Define hypomorphic mutation

Back (Answer)

Partial loss of wild type function (weak allele) i.e A missense mutation and temperature sensitive alleles

#8
Front (Question)

Define Hypermorphic mutation

Back (Answer)

Over expression of a transcriptional unit

#9
Front (Question)

Mutations in what gene cause Anaridia?

Back (Answer)

PAX6

#10
Front (Question)

What is Anaridia?

Back (Answer)

Loss of iris

#11
Front (Question)

Define development

Back (Answer)

A change in an organisms anatomy/morphology over time

#12
Front (Question)

What is regional specification

Back (Answer)

The generation of pattern through the formation of a distinct body axis (anterior posterior, dorsal venral, left and right.)

#13
Front (Question)

What is morphogenesis

Back (Answer)

Cell and tissue movements in the developing embryo

#14
Front (Question)

What is the 32 cell stage of a developing embryo called?

Back (Answer)

Morula

#15
Front (Question)

What is the name of the thick transparent membrane surrounding a mammalian egg?

Back (Answer)

Zona Pellucida

#16
Front (Question)

What reaction happens straight after fertilization and how does this occur?

Back (Answer)

Cortical reaction. This occurs as there is an influx of calcium ions into the formed zygote. The influx initiates a range of metabolic processes such as the cortical reaction.

#17
Front (Question)

What does the cortical reaction do?

Back (Answer)

Creates a sperm impermeable membrane around the newly formed zygote to prevent polyspermy.

#18
Front (Question)

What is gastrulation?

Back (Answer)

An early embryological process in which the implanted blastula develops 3 distinct germ layers.

#19
Front (Question)

What are the 3 germ layers?

Back (Answer)

Mesoderm, Ectoderm, Endoderm

#20
Front (Question)

What does the Ectoderm give rise to?

Back (Answer)

Skin, CNS, PNS, neural crest, glia, pituitary gland

#21
Front (Question)

What does the Endoderm give rise to?

Back (Answer)

Gut, digestive system, liver, thyroid, pancreas, bladder, thymus, yolk cells

#22
Front (Question)

What does the Mesoderm give rise to?

Back (Answer)

Connective tissue, heart, blood, dermis, kidney, excretory system, reproductive system

#23
Front (Question)

What is the name of the lining of the uterus?

Back (Answer)

Endometrium

#24
Front (Question)

What is the name of the outer membrane of the blastocyst?

Back (Answer)

Tropoblast