Chapter 9
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What is a flower?
Special plant part, concerned with reproduction in flowering plants.
What is the function of the flower stalk?
Connects flower to stem Carries nutrients to flower
What is the function of the receptacle?
Top thickened part of flower Bares flower Where parts attach
What is the function of the sepals?
Outer parts that enclose and protects developing bud
Ou of what does the carpel consist?
Stigma Style Ovary Ovule
What is the function of the stigma?
Receptive tip of style pollen attach to during pollination
What is the function of the style?
Joins ovary to stigma Supports stigma so that it is exposed to pollination agents Pollen tube grow through stigma
What is the function of the ovary?
After fertilization, becomes fruit
What is the function of the ovule?
Contains female gametes After fertilization becomes seed
What is the function of the female gamete?
Haploid female sex cell fuse with male gamete during fertilization to form diploid zygote
Out of what parts does the stamen consist?
Anther Filament Pollen Pollen graines
What is the function of the anther?
Contains pollen sacs to produce pollen grains Where male gametes in flower are formed
What is the function of the filament?
Carries, holds anther so that it is exposed to pollination agents
What is the function of the pollen sacs?
Chambers, cavities located in anther where pollen grains are produced
What are pollen grains?
Fine to course powdery substance comprising pollen grains in which male gametes are produced
What is the function of the petals?
Attract pollinaters
What is the function of the nectary?
Produce nectar
What is the function of the nectar?
Sweet sugary substance. Insects eat it as food, bees make into honey and pollinate flower
What is pollination?
Transfer of pollen grains form anther to receptive stigma
What is seed dispersal?
Spreading seeds/fruit as far as possible
Why is seed dispersal important?
Offspring do not compete for water, light, nutrients Reduced risk of soil depletion New habitats Whole community not wipe out if natural disaster, seeds protected
What happens after fertilization?
Ovule stores nutrients, become seeds Ovary - fruit Seeds dispersed Embryo plant grow form seed