2 - Inorganic Chemistry (a) Group 1 (alkali metals) - lithium, sodium and potassium
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How do group 1 metals’ reactions with water provide evidence for them being in the same family of elements?
They all react with fizzing, floating of metal, moving around water, etc… They all produce an alkaline metal hydroxide solution These similarities provide evidence that they are all in the same group.
How do the reactions of lithium, sodium and potassium with air and water provide evidence for the trend of reactivity as you go down group 1?
Lithium (Li) Floats of water, fizzes pH of metal hydroxide is alkaline Sodium (Na) Floats on water, melts into a ball, fizzes, and moves rapidly on the surface of water pH is (more) alkaline Potassium (K) Burns with a lilac flame, melts, floats and moves rapidly on the surface of water pH is (even more) alkaline As we can see, as you move down the group, the elements are more reactive, which shows us that the trend of reactivity for group one is that they are more reactive the further down group one you go.
How can the reaction of Lithium, Sodium and Potassium in water help us predict the reaction of Rubidium in water?
We know that reactivity increases as you go down the group, so we can predict that rubidium will react even more violently than potassium, and produce and even more alkaline metal hydroxide than potassium.
What are the group 1 metals also known as? Why?
The Alkali Metals, because they form alkali solutions when reacted with water