Motivation

an internal state or condition that directs behaviour

People are motivated by their biological instincts

inborn behavioural tendencies activated by stimuli in our environments

belief that physiological need creates an aroused state that drive us to reduce that need to gain equilibrium and homeostasis

we are motivated to pursue an optimum level of stimulation

performance on task is best when the arousal level is optimal for that specific task

Involves intrinsic motivation and extrinsic

motivated by internal factors and engaging in a behaviour simply for the satisfaction that is part of doing

rewards or punishments that are innate

viewed as rewarding as a result of learning about their association with other events such as grades

causes motivational power

opiates in the brain as well as dopamine

Ventral Tegmental Area to Nucleus Accumbens to Prefrontal Cortex

Physiological Needs - Safety - Love - Esteem - Self Actualization

Empty stomach and low blood glucose levels may stimulate the lateral hypothalamus to motivate us to eat while at the same time inhibiting satisfaction signals from the ventromedial region of the hypothalamus

stretch receptors are activated and blood glucose levels reached a certain level, along with high levels of leptin, making the VMH become active and inhibit the LH

Activity in one area serves to inhibit the area that serves the opposite function

Preoccupied with being or becoming fat, distorted body image

cognitive behavioural therapy, hospitalization, family therapy

Cycle of binging and purging. Exercise excessively, most do not appear underweight

behavioural modification, cognitive therapy, antidepressant drugs

Desire phase, Excitement phase, plateau phase, orgasm phase, resolution phase

testosterone and estrogen

the hypothalamus, amygdala, prefrontal cortex, striatum, and ventral segmental area