Exam 3 Bio Psych
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (24)
When is grey matter volume the largest?
Around 5 years old.
What happens to grey matter volume as you age?
It decreases.
Until what age does the brain increase in size?
Until about 20 years old.
By age 80, brain size is approximately equal to what age’s brain?
That of a 4-year-old.
When does most synaptic remodeling occur?
During adolescence.
Does synaptic remodeling continue throughout life?
Yes, to some degree, even in old age.
What influences brain development related to sex?
Exposure to sex hormones during early development.
What is the default developmental pattern of the brain?
To produce a female brain.
What causes masculinization of the brain?
Exposure to testosterone from fetal testes.
What happens in the absence of testes development?
Ovaries and female hormones (oestrogens) develop.
Which sex has higher rates of major depressive disorder?
Females.
Which sex has higher rates of autism spectrum disorder?
Males.
What issue exists in earlier brain studies on sex hormones?
Many only used male subjects, so results may not apply to females.
What happens to brain size after it reaches full growth?
It steadily declines.
What causes a stroke?
Loss of blood flow to the brain, leading to necrosis.
What is a TIA (Transient Ischemic Attack)?
A brief loss of blood supply to a small brain region — a ‘mini-stroke.’
Name two neurodegenerative diseases.
Parkinson’s Disease and Huntington’s Disease.
Can CNS neurons recover from injury?
Some recovery is possible, depending on the environment.
What determines axonal regrowth?
The nature of the environment, not the intrinsic capacity of the neuron.
What was originally believed about neurogenesis?
That new neurons could not be produced in the human brain.
Which brain regions show evidence of neurogenesis?
The olfactory system and the hippocampus.
What happens when rodents lose their sense of smell?
They show behavioral despair (depression-like symptoms).
What human condition is linked to impaired olfactory function?
Clinical depression.
What is learning?
The acquisition of information.